This is brilliant, very useful information. A point that I found particularly useful was about diversity, which others new to the wireless aspects of pfsense might easily be wondering also - A wireless card might have two antennas but each antenna cannot be used at the same time either transmitting or receiving (effectively doubling bandwidth contrary to one antenna) - it doesn't work like that; the two antennas are used separately and purely to create robustness where there is multipath distortion. In single antenna scenarios one should disable diversity and set the tx and rx antennas, available under the wireless configuration pages under the interface. I know I repeat what you posted (thanks again for your help in my previous post, its still working all good!) I repeat it incase others arrive at this page if searching for related issues!

CAPS = Capabilities Depending on the capabilities of the APs, the following flags can be included in the output: E - Extended Service Set (ESS). Indicates that the station is part of an infrastructure network (in contrast to an IBSS/ad-hoc network). I - IBSS/ad-hoc network. Indicates that the station is part of an ad-hoc network (in contrast to an ESS network). P - Privacy. Data confidentiality is required for all data frames exchanged within the BSS. This means that this BSS requires the station to use cryptographic means such as WEP, TKIP or AES-CCMP to encrypt/decrypt data frames being exchanged with others. S - Short Preamble. Indicates that the network is using short preambles (defined in 802.11b High Rate/DSSS PHY, short pre- amble utilizes a 56 bit sync field in contrast to a 128 bit field used in long preamble mode). s - Short slot time. Indicates that the network is using a short slot time. –------------------------------------------------------------------- AID = Association ID (describes the ID that the AP has given to a certain mac/client) IDLE = idletime TXSEQ = Transmit Sequence RXSEQ = Receive Sequence ERP set to 0 means the device is 802.11 compliant. For more info about ERP read up on the 802.11 standard. RSSI = Receive Signal Strength Indicator RSSI to dBm can be calculated like this for Atheros cards: RSSI_Max = 60 Convert % to RSSI Subtract 95 from RSSI to derive dBm Notice that this gives a dBm range of –35dBm at 100% and –95dBm at 0%. PS. RSSI is different for most vendors. and can not be campared easily (ex. Cisco has 0 -->100 ). Also it is not a very acurate means to measure signal quality, rather it measures strengt only.