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    STP and network

    Scheduled Pinned Locked Moved General pfSense Questions
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    • F
      fireix
      last edited by

      My ISP says they can fix a /29 linknet this way, I will have it available on both ports. It will be downtime in relation with this they say (not the linknet, but the final routing of the /24 from the old method to the new one).

      So far things looks good unless my drawing is in-correct ;) They also say I need to route the traffic back myself, but I assume they are just talking about the individual-hosts on my LAN (setting gw=my local CARP VIP=4.4.4.1). This way, all servers have a route back to the pfSense and pfSense of course have the CARP-VIP=8.8.8.1 on WAN-interface with the transport-IP I get from ISP as GW. No more routing is needed, correct?

      Any potential showstoppers in this?

      They will start by giving me the /29 linknet, så I can prepare one of the pfSense and test some functionality before live.

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      • F
        fireix
        last edited by

        Anything that shouldn't be possible with the drawing?

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        • DerelictD
          Derelict LAYER 8 Netgate
          last edited by

          I would rather control my own WAN switch. As long as that switch handles CARP properly it should work like that.

          Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
          A comprehensive network diagram is worth 10,000 words and 15 conference calls.
          DO NOT set a source address/port in a port forward or firewall rule unless you KNOW you need it!
          Do Not Chat For Help! NO_WAN_EGRESS(TM)

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          • F
            fireix
            last edited by

            @Derelict:

            I would rather control my own WAN switch. As long as that switch handles CARP properly it should work like that.

            Is there a way my ISPs Cisco Catalyst would not support CARP, so I need to check that? I mean, isn't CARP just to present a single (V)IP? pfSense and its CARP system will choose between themselves what pfSense of the two that should actually be handling the traffic and bind to the (V)IP. So the primary VIP/WAN VIP, is only available at one of the time.

            I have presented the drawing to the ISP and they haven't said anything negative, but I assume they are not familiar with how pfSense works.

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            • DerelictD
              Derelict LAYER 8 Netgate
              last edited by

              IDK dude. You'll have to ask them. ISP switches and switching gear is always broken. Always.

              Instead of using the term CARP use VRRP. Same requirements apply.

              Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
              A comprehensive network diagram is worth 10,000 words and 15 conference calls.
              DO NOT set a source address/port in a port forward or firewall rule unless you KNOW you need it!
              Do Not Chat For Help! NO_WAN_EGRESS(TM)

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              • johnpozJ
                johnpoz LAYER 8 Global Moderator
                last edited by

                Or if cisco they might understand HSRP.. Same concept..

                The gateway they give you would be a VIP.. etc..

                An intelligent man is sometimes forced to be drunk to spend time with his fools
                If you get confused: Listen to the Music Play
                Please don't Chat/PM me for help, unless mod related
                SG-4860 24.11 | Lab VMs 2.7.2, 24.11

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                • F
                  fireix
                  last edited by

                  Ok, so it's not like using CARP is a switch-independent solution, it needs support also outside the two firewalls. Catalyst is a router from Cisco, so it's definitely Cisco-environment on their end.

                  Note that they have only one, so I'm not looking at having their equipment redundant (just using two ports).

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                  • JeGrJ
                    JeGr LAYER 8 Moderator
                    last edited by

                    is a switch-independent solution

                    It is, but uses Multicast Groups and MAC addresses, that are reserved vor HA usage. The MAC address is defined via the VHID Group setting of your CARP style VIP. If it uses the same ID as the VIP on your provider side, that can have NASTY side effects. I had that problem with our ISP that said multiple times, they were NOT using ID 1-10 with their VRRP setup, so I let mine use ID 1. After numerous routing bugs and weird traceroutes I contacted a techy on their end and: yeah we use ID1 - weird, that should have been >100 for you. Switched the ID to 4 and no problems anymore :)

                    But besides that and multicast, I'm not aware of any deep configurational stuff that the switch would have to support.

                    Greets

                    Don't forget to upvote 👍 those who kindly offered their time and brainpower to help you!

                    If you're interested, I'm available to discuss details of German-speaking paid support (for companies) if needed.

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                    • DerelictD
                      Derelict LAYER 8 Netgate
                      last edited by

                      Almost all CARP issues must be corrected in the switch. ISPs in particular do stupid stuff.

                      For instance a co-worker is trying to get CARP working on a cable modem service with a static /29. When the secondary ARPs for the CARP VIP address, it (properly) gets the CARP MAC from the primary AND gets an ARP reply from the ISP device containing the primary's interface MAC address. Thus, broken HA/CARP. We can't see it but I assume it is also proxy-ARPing upstream to the ISP gateway which will break HA too.

                      That has to be corrected by the ISP and they have been unable to understand the issue much less fix it.

                      Just an example.

                      Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
                      A comprehensive network diagram is worth 10,000 words and 15 conference calls.
                      DO NOT set a source address/port in a port forward or firewall rule unless you KNOW you need it!
                      Do Not Chat For Help! NO_WAN_EGRESS(TM)

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                      • F
                        fireix
                        last edited by

                        It is correct that I don't need any routing? I mean, internally, LAN-side, I will have my LAN CARP VIP .1 (/24) as gw (4.4.4.1) on all computers.

                        Since the pfSense has WAN CARP VIP on the /29 from my ISP (8.8.8.1) and I have verified that pfSense have internet, the LAN traffic should find the 8.8.8.1 on WAN-side "magically" (as long as the rule is allow for the IP and port/direction).

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                        • DerelictD
                          Derelict LAYER 8 Netgate
                          last edited by

                          You need to:

                          Make sure your outbound NAT is set to use the CARP VIP

                          Make sure your inside clients are set to use the CARP VIP for services on the firewall such as default gateway, DNS services, etc.

                          Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
                          A comprehensive network diagram is worth 10,000 words and 15 conference calls.
                          DO NOT set a source address/port in a port forward or firewall rule unless you KNOW you need it!
                          Do Not Chat For Help! NO_WAN_EGRESS(TM)

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                          • F
                            fireix
                            last edited by

                            I'm setting up the CARP VIP (on LAN-side) with the same GW it had/has before when my ISP/Catalyst was managing my GW. So I shouldn't need to change any of the clients.

                            I will continue to use the providers DNS to avoid changing to much stuff (I assume I can still do that…). So this shouldn't be needed to change either.

                            But the outbound NAT sounds important: I should choose Outbound NAT, then choose "LAN"-interface I assume. LAN-interface is the joined LAG of two ports. Then, in Address, the VIP for the the WAN VIP should be possible to select in the dropdown? And that's it?

                            During this setup, I want to allow all outgoing traffic from LAN, so I will let the rest be set to ANY.

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                            • DerelictD
                              Derelict LAYER 8 Netgate
                              last edited by

                              When you run HA you have to make sure outbound NAT states are created on the CARP VIP not the interface address. Else you will experience dropped connections on failover because WAN address on the primary node is different that WAN address on the secondary node.

                              https://doc.pfsense.org/index.php/Configuring_pfSense_Hardware_Redundancy_(CARP)

                              Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
                              A comprehensive network diagram is worth 10,000 words and 15 conference calls.
                              DO NOT set a source address/port in a port forward or firewall rule unless you KNOW you need it!
                              Do Not Chat For Help! NO_WAN_EGRESS(TM)

                              1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                              • DerelictD
                                Derelict LAYER 8 Netgate
                                last edited by

                                LAN interface is different. You have to make sure that all of your LAN clients are given the LAN CARP address as their default gateway, DNS server (if applicable) etc.

                                Bottom line is you can't expect HA to just work. It does work fine but it requires additional configuration for things that are otherwise automatic. Such as outbound NAT, DHCP server attributes, etc.

                                Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
                                A comprehensive network diagram is worth 10,000 words and 15 conference calls.
                                DO NOT set a source address/port in a port forward or firewall rule unless you KNOW you need it!
                                Do Not Chat For Help! NO_WAN_EGRESS(TM)

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                                • F
                                  fireix
                                  last edited by

                                  OK, this is a bit complex for me, but I'll do this in two steps. I can't change to the new /29 withouth downtime (because my ISP needs to unconnect the current network), so I have to make sure it works without CARP first so that I don't have to many things that can go wrong at the same time.

                                  First step is the get rid of the transparent bridge and introduce the transport network /29.

                                  So I will configure one pfSense WAN with IP 8.8.8.2/29 (link/transit/transport-network). LAN-interface is configured on 4.4.4.2/24, and I add a VIP on LAN-side configured with 4.4.4.1/24 (just to become more familiar with VIPs).

                                  Test that server on LAN with GW set to 4.4.4.1 works (Maybe the auto-created one will work out of the box (before I introduce CARP) in this simple setup?

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                                  • F
                                    fireix
                                    last edited by

                                    Could I do a kind of realistic test out of this before the actual going live?

                                    Let's say I setup a pfSense in a closed environment, not connected to anything. I have one computer directly connected to the WAN-port with the computer having the IP 196.44.198.33 (/29-net) and no gateway-setting. This will kind of simulate my ISPs transit-network. I will then set the WAN interface on pfsense to be 196.44.198.34 (also /29-net), with that computer connected on WAN as GW.

                                    On the LAN-side, I specify my current network, let's set it to be 4.4.4.2 (on /24) - I also create a VIP 4.4.4.1 that will serve as local gateway… I connect another computer, with IP 4.4.4.4 and specify 4.4.4.1 as default gateway. Now, I should only have to manage the outgoing NAT - Choose "WAN"-interface and choose the local VIP/GW under Address (and allow any on firewall) in order to ping 196.44.198.33. I understand that cluster requires a bit more, but baby steps are the way to go to understand this. Then I can test and basically do all the mistakes on my own ;) I'm very ready to test this, so please let me know as soon as possible if this could work!

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                                    • F
                                      fireix
                                      last edited by

                                      Ok, I made it!

                                      I didn't have to set up any NAT at all and I can ping from a computer on WAN side - and from LAN to WAN :)

                                      Now, I have "faked" my ISP by letting a computer have an IP on the transport network. But I shouldn't actually need to change anything?  Just use my ISPs IP as gw on pfsense WAN and I should be ready!

                                      I don't see how DNS can be a problem either, I will continue to use my ISPs dns-servers and they are outside my network. As long as the Ip to their dns is allowed out, I shouldn't need to reconfigure any client computers after this change :)

                                      Even LAG worked out of the box (I had to use active-passive since I didn't have any test LACP switch available).

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                                      • F
                                        fireix
                                        last edited by

                                        But… The big question.. How do I do LACP from pfSense to both switches so that I get the setup I want. I have the two swiches that are stacked. But I want to have one cable from pfsenseLAG to SW1 and one cable to SW2. From what I understoon in this thread, I should be able to configure a LACP across both SW1 and SW2 now. So far, I have only found a way to do LACP on each of them at a time. I can of course switch fast between the two switches, but I'm missing a way to choose Port 47 on SW1 and Port48 on SW2 should be in same LACP.

                                        "You would then put your 2 switches in a stack and setup a lacp lagg from pfsense to the switch stack with ports going to different switches in the stack."

                                        So it is basically this I want to do.

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                                        • DerelictD
                                          Derelict LAYER 8 Netgate
                                          last edited by

                                          So stack them and do that. Your switches have to be truly stackable (or support something like multi-chassis trunking), not some fake manage-all-as-one-switch marketing term stack.

                                          Brocade ICX-6430:

                                          lag Management dynamic id 81
                                          ports ethernet 1/1/14 ethernet 2/1/14                           
                                          primary-port 1/1/14
                                          deploy
                                          port-name NAS_LAGG0 ethernet 1/1/14
                                          port-name NAS_LAGG1 ethernet 2/1/14
                                          !

                                          Switch>sh lag id 81
                                          Total number of LAGs:          2
                                          Total number of deployed LAGs: 2
                                          Total number of trunks created:2 (27 available)
                                          LACP System Priority / ID:    1 / cc4e.24b3.68b8
                                          LACP Long timeout:            90, default: 90
                                          LACP Short timeout:            3, default: 3

                                          === LAG "Management" ID 81 (dynamic Deployed) ===
                                          LAG Configuration:
                                            Ports:        e 1/1/14 e 2/1/14
                                            Port Count:    2
                                            Primary Port:  1/1/14
                                            Trunk Type:    hash-based
                                            LACP Key:      20081
                                          Deployment: HW Trunk ID 1
                                          Port    Link    State  Dupl Speed Trunk Tag Pvid Pri MAC            Name
                                          1/1/14  Up      Forward Full 1G    81    No  81  0  cc4e.24b3.68c5  NAS_LAGG0 
                                          2/1/14  Up      Forward Full 1G    81    No  81  0  cc4e.24b3.68c5  NAS_LAGG1

                                          Port  [Sys P] [Port P] [ Key ] [Act][Tio][Agg][Syn][Col][Dis][Def][Exp][Ope]
                                          1/1/14      1        1  20081  Yes  L  Agg  Syn  Col  Dis  No  No  Ope
                                          2/1/14      1        1  20081  Yes  L  Agg  Syn  Col  Dis  No  No  Ope

                                          Partner Info and PDU Statistics
                                          Port      Partner        Partner    LACP      LACP   
                                                    System MAC        Key    Rx Count  Tx Count 
                                          1/1/14    0cc4.7a47.7be2      203  2575780  2602883
                                          2/1/14    0cc4.7a47.7be2      203  2575772  2602882

                                          Switch>sh stack
                                          T=905d23h3m21.8: alone: standalone, D: dynamic cfg, S: static
                                          ID  Type          Role    Mac Address    Pri State  Comment                 
                                          1  S ICX6430-24    active  cc4e.24b3.68b8 128 local  Ready
                                          2  S ICX6430-24    standby cc4e.24b3.6978  0 remote  Ready

                                          active      standby                                                     
                                              +–-+        +---+                                                       
                                          =2/3| 1 |2/1==2/3| 2 |2/1=                                                   
                                          |  +---+        +---+  |                                                   
                                          |                        |                                                   
                                          |------------------------|                                                 
                                          Standby u2 - protocols ready, can failover
                                          Current stack management MAC is cc4e.24b3.68b8

                                          Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
                                          A comprehensive network diagram is worth 10,000 words and 15 conference calls.
                                          DO NOT set a source address/port in a port forward or firewall rule unless you KNOW you need it!
                                          Do Not Chat For Help! NO_WAN_EGRESS(TM)

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                                          • F
                                            fireix
                                            last edited by

                                            I have stacked them - I think. They have a 10 Gbit fiber cable between them.

                                            I can also access all the switches just with one IP thanks to the stacking. In the interface, I can choose between sw1, sw2 (that originally had each their IP). But I can't edit ports across both (choose one port from switch 1 and one from switch 2). From what I have found online, this is a feature called Cross-Stack and now I'm beginning to think I migth have purchased 4 switches that do stacking, but not this cross-stacking. This can also just be a cisco-word for it…

                                            This is the unit:
                                            http://us.dlink.com/us/en/business-solutions/switching/smart-switches/smartpro/dgs-1510-52x-52-port-gigabit-smartpro-switch.html

                                            I see that they have something called Physical stack (I have activated that). The switch shows a LED-number on each to show what number in the stack they are. In addition, I have also activated SIM I think that has to do with the shared IP. Maybe I have activated both a vitual method and the real thing at the same time ;) I hope it is just that.

                                            Ok, I see I have to dive into documentation and see. Maybe I have overlook a setting or that it only done in cli.

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