Playing with fq_codel in 2.4

darkcrucible · Nov 17, 2017, 6:24 AM

So I have a pretty odd situation with fq_codel.
I created a floating rule:

Action - Match
Interface - WAN
Direction - out
Address Family - IPv4
Protocol - Any
In / Out pipe - lan wan

Now, when I do traceroute from a LAN machine, all the hops show up as the destination! If I disable this floating rule, then traceroute works normally. If it's enabled and I do traceroute from pfsense itself, that traceroute is fine. ICMP ping itself seems oddly unreliable because every first ping is lost.

I have a regular firewall rule to allow IPv4 ICMP to the WAN address but disabling/enabling this does nothing. I also do manual outbound NAT but just the regular rules.

What's causing this? As soon as I disable the out floating rule, traceroute works normally. The bad traceroute even has latency corresponding to what the hops would normally be. traceroute through a site-to-site VPN works normally (no floating rules for VPN).

IPv6 traceroute is unaffected.

Does anyone else who uses a floating rule like mine see this? Any known solutions?

A LAN machine example traceroute:

# traceroute -I forum.pfsense.org
traceroute to forum.pfsense.org (208.123.73.70), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
 1  uac.localdomain (192.168.112.1)  0.163 ms  0.143 ms  0.138 ms
 2  * 208.123.73.70 (208.123.73.70)  14.600 ms  15.180 ms
 3  208.123.73.70 (208.123.73.70)  15.136 ms  15.379 ms  15.528 ms
 4  * * *
 5  208.123.73.70 (208.123.73.70)  16.811 ms  16.837 ms  16.848 ms
 6  208.123.73.70 (208.123.73.70)  17.816 ms  16.261 ms  17.627 ms
 7  208.123.73.70 (208.123.73.70)  17.644 ms  19.906 ms  20.173 ms
 8  208.123.73.70 (208.123.73.70)  20.262 ms  19.962 ms  19.813 ms
 9  208.123.73.70 (208.123.73.70)  19.594 ms  19.867 ms  19.898 ms
10  208.123.73.70 (208.123.73.70)  60.034 ms  59.998 ms  60.353 ms
11  208.123.73.70 (208.123.73.70)  59.594 ms  55.994 ms  55.201 ms
12  208.123.73.70 (208.123.73.70)  55.441 ms  55.469 ms  56.421 ms
13  208.123.73.70 (208.123.73.70)  55.350 ms  57.401 ms  57.401 ms
14  208.123.73.70 (208.123.73.70)  54.101 ms  55.283 ms  62.990 ms
15  208.123.73.70 (208.123.73.70)  62.392 ms  62.218 ms *
16  * * *
17  * * *
18  208.123.73.70 (208.123.73.70)  61.501 ms  62.231 ms  59.980 ms
19  208.123.73.70 (208.123.73.70)  67.374 ms  68.414 ms  68.897 ms
20  208.123.73.70 (208.123.73.70)  63.797 ms  74.896 ms  70.074 ms

The same traceroute from pfsense itself:

traceroute -I forum.pfsense.org
traceroute to forum.pfsense.org (208.123.73.70), 64 hops max, 48 byte packets
 1  173-228-88-1.dsl.dynamic.fusionbroadband.com (173.228.88.1)  14.262 ms  20.740 ms  17.791 ms
 2  gig1-29.cr1.lsatca11.sonic.net (70.36.243.77)  17.422 ms  21.650 ms  14.505 ms
 3  * * *
 4  50.ae4.gw.pao1.sonic.net (50.0.2.5)  15.070 ms  21.048 ms  19.681 ms
 5  ae6-102.cr1-pao1.ip4.gtt.net (69.22.130.85)  14.544 ms  13.726 ms  21.730 ms
 6  xe-8-1-6.cr0-sjc1.ip4.gtt.net (89.149.142.18)  16.210 ms  14.649 ms  14.841 ms
 7  as6461.ip4.gtt.net (216.221.158.110)  18.493 ms  18.531 ms  20.437 ms
 8  ae16.cr1.sjc2.us.zip.zayo.com (64.125.31.12)  22.334 ms  20.133 ms  20.252 ms
 9  ae27.cs1.sjc2.us.eth.zayo.com (64.125.30.230)  60.536 ms  79.274 ms  54.876 ms
10  ae2.cs1.lax112.us.eth.zayo.com (64.125.28.145)  55.359 ms  57.712 ms  63.770 ms
11  ae3.cs1.dfw2.us.eth.zayo.com (64.125.29.52)  59.466 ms  64.721 ms  63.456 ms
12  ae27.cr1.dfw2.us.zip.zayo.com (64.125.30.181)  60.663 ms  63.960 ms  59.337 ms
13  ae11.er1.dfw2.us.zip.zayo.com (64.125.20.66)  58.965 ms  64.998 ms  61.659 ms
14  ae8.er2.dfw2.us.zip.zayo.com (64.125.29.122)  64.904 ms  60.535 ms  59.003 ms
15  te-6-1-aus-core-11.zip.zayo.com (64.125.32.202)  65.484 ms  63.259 ms  63.947 ms
16  net64-20-229-170.static-customer.corenap.com (64.20.229.170)  65.048 ms  61.145 ms  59.658 ms
17  gw1.netgate.com (66.219.34.173)  67.752 ms  63.029 ms  63.543 ms
18  fw2.pfmechanics.com (208.123.73.4)  66.281 ms  68.793 ms  67.865 ms
19  208.123.73.70 (208.123.73.70)  66.834 ms  66.319 ms  66.047 ms

Nullity · Nov 17, 2017, 7:25 AM

@Elhazgul:

Hi
It is possible to use queues (different weights) with fq_codel ?

I'm unsure about exactly what you are asking but ALTQ (pfSense "queues") only supports codel and dummynet (pfSense "limiters") supports fq_codel.

You should probably create your own thread, including more details about your setup & intentions, if you need more help.

dimangelid · Nov 20, 2017, 5:36 PM

@johnpoz:

I got asked in a PM to post some screenshots of my settings.. Figured post it here as reference.

Just apply the in/out pipe to firewall rule on your interface.. So that these do not effect your intervlan traffic if you have any. Put a rule above to allow access to your other vlans without the pipe's applied.

These settings changed my bufferbloat tests on dslreports to A..

Hello to all!

I have followed these instructions, together with the fq_codel trick on /etc/inc/shaper.inc and /root/rules.limiter . All my tests on dslreports are A or A+ . Also the download speed between my computers is shared evenly but with a serios issue:

When i download one file at one computer and one file at another computer, both from HTTP servers and a different server per computer, each computer takes the half speed which is what i want.

When any of the two computers start downloading a second file, from the same server or another, then it gets more speed and the second computer download speed slows down. If it starts a third download the other computers gets even less speed.

For example, when i download one file at each of the two computers, each one gets about 1.5 MB/s (my line maxes out at about 3 MB/s to 3.5 MB/s) . When any one starts a second download, the other computer gets about 1.2 MB/s and the other with the two downloads about 2.3 MB/s.

I am searching for a lot of days and have not found a solution. What i need to achieve, is to evenly share the speed between my computers no mater how many simultaneous downloads each of them runs.

Animosity022 · Nov 20, 2017, 6:15 PM

@tibere86:

Noob question here. I installed the Shellcmd package with hopes of having the following command ran at boot:
ipfw sched 1 config pipe 1 type fq_codel && ipfw sched 2 config pipe 2 type fq_codel
I searched this forum and Googled, but could not find out how to use the Shellcmd package. I could not locate any new options in the Web UI once the package was installed. What am I missing?

Refresh your web browsers and it's under Services->Shellcmd

Animosity022 · Nov 21, 2017, 7:49 PM

I figured I'd share my config as I spent some time today with little to do at work on converting over to fq_codel setup for my pfSense setup. I have a 1Gig Verizon FIOS line coming in which is rated at 940 down and 880 up. I have a pretty straight forward setup going as I only split up into 3 queues and basically high prioritize my games and VOIP to high and lower all my p2p / plex download traffic to everything else.

I have the Shell Command to create the proper queue setup:

https://i.imgur.com/k08PJQZ.png

I have an upload and download limiters with 3 buckets at 880Mb/s and 940Mb/s respectively. In those queues, I have a high, default and low at a 75, 25, 5 weight.

https://i.imgur.com/6JZTEXd.png

https://i.imgur.com/6cDzTe5.png

Source and Destination in the config gets a little squirrelly for me as I want to make sure I have a clear break in my upload and download traffic so I didn't select either there as I handle that in the rules config.

I have a series of match floating rules with logging setup so I can validate. All shaping is selected on my WAN interface:

https://i.imgur.com/HeMy45B.png

My rules examples are a bit big so I linked them a little different:

Default queue
http://i.imgur.com/CQDQGcf.png

http://i.imgur.com/CQDQGcf.png

Low priority rule
http://i.imgur.com/MDuvFFe.png

http://i.imgur.com/CADTE77.pn

For floating rules and pipes, the in and out are switched as noted in the help text. I did check that in my speed test as I can see the speeds are exactly what I expected. I noticed much better performance when compared with the other schedules stock in pfSense.

My speedtest results made me happy:

Edit 1: I seem to have a slight problem with matching my internal (Private) IPs properly. I've gotta do a little more testing to figure out why they aren't matching. My WAN rules work perfect though so it's a start. I just want to make sure I can get internal stuff matched as well.

strangegopher · Nov 22, 2017, 1:46 AM

@Animosity022:

I figured I'd share my config as I spent some time today with little to do at work on converting over to fq_codel setup for my pfSense setup. I have a 1Gig Verizon FIOS line coming in which is rated at 940 down and 880 up. I have a pretty straight forward setup going as I only split up into 3 queues and basically high prioritize my games and VOIP to high and lower all my p2p / plex download traffic to everything else.

I have the Shell Command to create the proper queue setup:

https://i.imgur.com/k08PJQZ.png

I have an upload and download limiters with 3 buckets at 880Mb/s and 940Mb/s respectively. In those queues, I have a high, default and low at a 75, 25, 5 weight.

https://i.imgur.com/6JZTEXd.png

https://i.imgur.com/6cDzTe5.png

Source and Destination in the config gets a little squirrelly for me as I want to make sure I have a clear break in my upload and download traffic so I didn't select either there as I handle that in the rules config.

I have a series of match floating rules with logging setup so I can validate. All shaping is selected on my WAN interface:

https://i.imgur.com/HeMy45B.png

My rules examples are a bit big so I linked them a little different:

Default queue
http://i.imgur.com/CQDQGcf.png

http://i.imgur.com/CQDQGcf.png

Low priority rule
http://i.imgur.com/MDuvFFe.png

http://i.imgur.com/CADTE77.pn

For floating rules and pipes, the in and out are switched as noted in the help text. I did check that in my speed test as I can see the speeds are exactly what I expected. I noticed much better performance when compared with the other schedules stock in pfSense.

My speedtest results made me happy:

Edit 1: I seem to have a slight problem with matching my internal (Private) IPs properly. I've gotta do a little more testing to figure out why they aren't matching. My WAN rules work perfect though so it's a start. I just want to make sure I can get internal stuff matched as well.

Are you sure you need both in and out direction floating rules? Mine seems to work with just outbound floating rule.

Animosity022 · Nov 22, 2017, 3:34 AM

I'm definitely not sure as I was trying to figure out a way to match my private lan traffic to drop a few hosts specifically into my 'low' queue.

I tried something a little different and deleted all my floating rules and made a few LAN rules and since they are PASS rules, they logged fine on my private IPs and looks to have dropped them in the proper queue.

I also changed my WAN NAT rules to have a proper queue for in/out as well.

I get the same results on speed tests and tried saturating my low traffic and my high/default worked fine.

Going to give that a try for a few days and see how it works and I might write that up instead as it just seems easier to me than the floating rules.

pete35 · Nov 24, 2017, 3:51 PM

Hi,

just trying this on Pfsense 2.4.2 and 2.4.1 Release.

Even i install this with ipfw sched 1 config pipe 1 type FQ_CODEL && ipfw sched 2 config pipe 2 type FQ_CODEL

the resulting scheduler type is WF2Q+ …

ipfw sched show

00001: 25.000 kbit/s 0 ms burst 0
sched 1 type WF2Q+ flags 0x0 0 buckets 0 active
Children flowsets: 1
00002: 5.000 kbit/s 0 ms burst 0
sched 2 type WF2Q+ flags 0x0 0 buckets 0 active
Children flowsets: 2

What im doing wrong ?

Animosity022 · Nov 24, 2017, 4:18 PM

@pete35:

Hi,

just trying this on Pfsense 2.4.2 and 2.4.1 Release.

Even i install this with ipfw sched 1 config pipe 1 type FQ_CODEL && ipfw sched 2 config pipe 2 type FQ_CODEL

the resulting scheduler type is WF2Q+ …

ipfw sched show

00001: 25.000 kbit/s 0 ms burst 0
sched 1 type WF2Q+ flags 0x0 0 buckets 0 active
Children flowsets: 1
00002: 5.000 kbit/s 0 ms burst 0
sched 2 type WF2Q+ flags 0x0 0 buckets 0 active
Children flowsets: 2

What im doing wrong ?

You should see an error on the command line when you type it in as Unix/Linux is case sensitive. Make sure to use lower case for FQ_Codel:


ipfw sched 1 config pipe 1 type fq_codel && ipfw sched 2 config pipe 2 type fq_codel

pete35 · Nov 24, 2017, 5:24 PM

Thank you, that worked!

darkcrucible · Nov 28, 2017, 12:40 AM

I setup fq_codel using floating rules on another system and the same IPv4 traceroute/ICMP problem I mentioned earlier occurs.

Anyone else who uses floating rules to match traffic for fq_codel, do you see IPv4 ICMP traceroute working properly?

Cardnyl · Nov 30, 2017, 11:09 PM

@darkcrucible:

@Cardnyl:

I believe I have everything setup per post #120 and beyond. My output for ipfw sched show looks correct, shellcmd is all set, router rebooted. I'm testing on a network where no other traffic is going on except my computer. My buffer bloat for downloading on dlsreports has improved greatly (300+ down to 51ms avg) but I can't seem to get rid of the bufferbloat for the upload (value slides between 300-1000ms depending on the bandwidth value I select for the limiter). My connection is slow by comparison to most of the folks I've seen in thread (15 down / 1 up) - I'm just wondering if I will ever be able to completely dial out the bufferbloat on a slow link like mine or do I just need to keep experimenting with different bandwidth values.

You might have some trouble just getting it to work. I can't find where I read it but the codel algorithm has trouble working on connections at or below 1Mbps because the transmission time of an MTU sized frame is too close to the delay that codel uses for its inner-workings.

In this link they talk about using codel with what they call really low speeds. I don't know what any of it means so good luck.
https://www.bufferbloat.net/projects/codel/wiki/Best_practices_for_benchmarking_Codel_and_FQ_Codel/#tuning-codel-for-circumstances-it-wasn-t-designed-for

Actually this article does help quite a bit. There was also mention of adjusting some of these tuneables by the OP; I just didn't realize how critical it was until now. Here is the list:


net.inet.ip.dummynet.fqcodel.limit: 10240
net.inet.ip.dummynet.fqcodel.flows: 1024
net.inet.ip.dummynet.fqcodel.quantum: 1514
net.inet.ip.dummynet.fqcodel.interval: 100000
net.inet.ip.dummynet.fqcodel.target: 5000

The article you linked suggests the following for a slow connection like mine:
net.inet.ip.dummynet.fqcodel.limit < 1000
net.inet.ip.dummynet.fqcodel.quantum < 300
ECN OFF

Is the right way to make these adjustments by adding/modifying them in the GUI (System->Advanced->System Tunables)?

Harvy66 · Dec 1, 2017, 4:35 PM

Your target should also be at least 1.5x how long it takes to send an MTU amount of data at your bandwidth. Cake does this automatically as they found general limit works well.

The reason for this is you don't want a single MTU sized packet to trip the drop logic.

Cardnyl · Dec 3, 2017, 8:45 PM

@Harvy66:

Your target should also be at least 1.5x how long it takes to send an MTU amount of data at your bandwidth. Cake does this automatically as they found general limit works well.

The reason for this is you don't want a single MTU sized packet to trip the drop logic.

What is the correct way to set these targets?

Harvy66 · Dec 4, 2017, 5:29 PM

I assume the "net.inet.ip.dummynet.fqcodel" settings you mentioned in your just prior post.

tman222 · Dec 5, 2017, 1:46 AM

@Cardnyl:

@Harvy66:

Your target should also be at least 1.5x how long it takes to send an MTU amount of data at your bandwidth. Cake does this automatically as they found general limit works well.

The reason for this is you don't want a single MTU sized packet to trip the drop logic.

What is the correct way to set these targets?

So I experimented with this a little bit, and changing the values below either in the System Tunables section or by editing loader.conf.local didn't seem to work because these fq_codel defaults don't appear to show up until fq_codel is actually loaded. So if you are loading fq_codel using shellcmd this won't really work.


net.inet.ip.dummynet.fqcodel.limit: 10240
net.inet.ip.dummynet.fqcodel.flows: 1024
net.inet.ip.dummynet.fqcodel.quantum: 1514
net.inet.ip.dummynet.fqcodel.interval: 100000
net.inet.ip.dummynet.fqcodel.target: 5000

You can make it work, but you would have to load fq_codel using ipfw so the defaults show up, change the default values to what you want them to be using sysctl and then load fq_codel again with the new values.

However, I think there is an easier way as you can change these values just by editing the ipfw command that loads fq_codel.

From a link posted earlier in this thread:

http://caia.swin.edu.au/freebsd/aqm/patches/README-0.2.1.txt

From section 3, the syntax for loading fq_codel via ipfw is:


ipfw sched x config [...] type fq_codel [target t] [interval t] [ecn | noecn] 
        [quantum n] [limit n] [flows n]

 where
    t is time in seconds (s), milliseconds (ms) or microseconds (us). The 
        default interpretation is milliseconds.
    n is an integer number

The command to load fq_codel with the defaults (from earlier in the thread):


ipfw sched 1 config pipe 1 type fq_codel && ipfw sched 2 config pipe 2 type fq_codel

Using similar syntax as above, in your case all you would have to change is:


ipfw sched 1 config pipe 1 type fq_codel target 15 noecn quantum 300 limit 600 && ipfw sched 2 config pipe 2 type fq_codel target 15 noecn quantum 300 limit 600

This does the following:
Set target to 15ms (you'll need higher than default of 5ms given the low upload on your 15/1 connection)
Turn off ECN
Set fq_codel quantum to 300
Set queue size limit to 600 packets

(feel free to tweak these values as necessary)

Now of course, this all assumes that you have already created two limiters and queues underneath them.

You can issue the command above from the command line and make it persistent between reboots using shellcmd.

Hope this helps.

tman222 · Dec 5, 2017, 2:36 AM

I also have a question for everyone following this thread:

The command to enable fq_codel that has been shown in this thread to be:


ipfw sched 1 config pipe 1 type fq_codel && ipfw sched 2 config pipe 2 type fq_codel

However, looking at the examples in 3.3 here:
http://caia.swin.edu.au/freebsd/aqm/patches/README-0.2.1.txt

Doesn't the command have to be appended to include setting the the scheduler on the queue, i.e.:


ipfw sched 1 config pipe 1 type fq_codel && ipfw queue 1 config sched 1 && ipfw sched 2 config pipe 2 type fq_codel ipfw queue 2 config sched 2

The above assumes only two queues, one under each limiter.

Thanks in advance for the help.

w0w · Dec 5, 2017, 4:52 AM

@tman222:

I also have a question for everyone following this thread:

The command to enable fq_codel that has been shown in this thread to be:
ipfw sched 1 config pipe 1 type fq_codel && ipfw sched 2 config pipe 2 type fq_codel
However, looking at the examples in 3.3 here:
http://caia.swin.edu.au/freebsd/aqm/patches/README-0.2.1.txt

Doesn't the command have to be appended to include setting the the scheduler on the queue, i.e.:
ipfw sched 1 config pipe 1 type fq_codel && ipfw queue 1 config sched 1 && ipfw sched 2 config pipe 2 type fq_codel ipfw queue 2 config sched 2
The above assumes only two queues, one under each limiter.

Thanks in advance for the help.

I have used second, official variant, but have also found that first variant also works just fine if you have already configured limiters via GUI.

atrotter01 · Dec 6, 2017, 1:06 AM

I am trying to set this up on an SG-3100 with an asymmetrical gigabit connection. I setup two queues and am configuring them as follows:


ipfw pipe 1 config  bw 920Mb
ipfw sched 1 config pipe 1 type fq_codel
ipfw queue 1 config sched 1 mask dst-ip6 /128 dst-ip 0xffffffff

ipfw pipe 2 config  bw 40232Kb
ipfw sched 2 config pipe 2 type fq_codel
ipfw queue 2 config sched 2 mask src-ip6 /128 src-ip 0xffffffff

On the firewall side I am using a floating rule to apply the queues. This all works, with the floating rule enabled I get A / A+ on the DSL Reports speed test, whereas without the rule I get a C at best for bufferbloat. The issue I am having is with the rule enabled, I get at most ~650Mb/s bandwidth downstream, I have no problem hitting 940 with the rule disabled. Am I running into a CPU limitation of the SG-3100? Is there anything I can try to tweak?

Animosity022 · Dec 6, 2017, 4:19 PM

@atrotter01:

I am trying to set this up on an SG-3100 with an asymmetrical gigabit connection. I setup two queues and am configuring them as follows:
ipfw pipe 1 config  bw 920Mb
ipfw sched 1 config pipe 1 type fq_codel
ipfw queue 1 config sched 1 mask dst-ip6 /128 dst-ip 0xffffffff

ipfw pipe 2 config  bw 40232Kb
ipfw sched 2 config pipe 2 type fq_codel
ipfw queue 2 config sched 2 mask src-ip6 /128 src-ip 0xffffffff
I'd love to have someone else chime in, but the way I "think" the masks work is that you are sharing bandwidth between source and destinations based on the "mask src/mask dst" rules going on. So that causes some dynamic queues to be setup and it'll share out bandwidth amongst those queues so assuming you have some other traffic going on even if it's only a little, it will limit the bandwidth out.

Maybe try without having the src and dst masks setup and just leave those blank and see how your results look. Also, you can check the CPU % or something? i'm not familiar with that on that particular to device to tell you how, but that would validate if you are having a CPU bottleneck instead.

On the firewall side I am using a floating rule to apply the queues. This all works, with the floating rule enabled I get A / A+ on the DSL Reports speed test, whereas without the rule I get a C at best for bufferbloat. The issue I am having is with the rule enabled, I get at most ~650Mb/s bandwidth downstream, I have no problem hitting 940 with the rule disabled. Am I running into a CPU limitation of the SG-3100? Is there anything I can try to tweak?