Ports, rules, NAT
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@Rod-It said in Ports, rules, NAT:
138.201.87.102
That is the IP of the device you were saying wasn't working ;)
In your sniffs.
17:16:46.469427 IP 138.201.87.102.48424 > 192.168.1.35.443: tcp 0
17:16:46.522427 IP 192.168.1.35.443 > 138.201.87.102.61203: tcp 0 -
I never said that IP wasn't working, you have a snip of a packet capture as asked for. Any external IPs within are purely coincidental.
I didnt validate any external IPs to the forum of my own.
I know my topic was a little confusing at times, but I never stated any specific public IP I was using.
If anything I stated no external IPs were getting in, but some were frequently trying - and those are likely what you see from the logs.
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Ah well that makes more sense why its sent a R then ;)
I would block those IPs from talking to your services. Especially if they are on block lists.
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I have, the poster above, like yourself believed that IP belonged to me - but none of them do :)
Side question based on the new addition to the topic though, without SquidGuard or any other type of filtering, can PF block known malicious or bad IPs?
Also, if there is a way I can mark this as resolved, please let me know and I will do so.
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you can use suricata/snort for example
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pfblocker can be used to block IPs from hitting your port forwards. Be it from country xyz, or only allowing IPs from country A, etc.. Or specific lists for known bad.
Who exactly is using this - you mentioned something about exchange? And if your using cloudflare - you can limit it to only cloudflare IPs, etc.
And yeah ips can be used - but its a bit more complicated when your doing https
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I have looked at Snort / Suricata, but not in great details, I will add pfblocker to my list of to look at.
As to who is using this, a handful of friends and family, as mentioned above this is purely my home lab, I need some genuine traffic and use from these products so I can fault-find and fix as needed, as I am sure you are all aware, the best way to learn is to do - I'm a hands-on learner, I do better with actual problems in front of me and systems to maintain than any video or guide can give me, though I do use these to fill in the gaps and top-up what I dont know or am missing, including forums like this to get me out of a situation.
CloudFlare is purely looking after my domain DNS, I dont need it to do anything fancy at this point (I'm only 3 days in with this anyway).
Some background on me;
I have 23 years in IT, mostly Windows server, Exchange/Email and VMware. While I understand principals and basics of networking and firewalls, I am starting to venture more in to learning them in more detail, including my Linux knowledge, I dont need this for work as we have a network team that picks up all network issues, at home it is useful to know - why it's taken me this long to be eager I have no idea, likely because I've never really needed to know, but one can never know too much so Linux, networking and firewalls are currently my learning goal.
I hope this helps to understand and gives you all a little on me.
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Running an email server out of home connection, while can be a useful learning experience - not going to be very useful if your actually wanting to send mail from your "home" ip..
Most consumer IP blocks are listed and major players block them for accepting mail. Also unless you can edit your PTR for the IP in question - again blocked by most major players.
So sending would need to be through a relay if you want to actually send mail to major domains.
Have fun! And you have any questions, while the general section doesn't get all that much traffic... Some of us like to answer just general networking and IT questions not always related to pfsense, etc. ;)
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i have a mail server myself at home for fun
fortunately I have never encountered any problems, my ip is not in any blacklist and even if i can't change my ipv4 ptr, i have a ipv6 tunnel with he.net and they let you change it. i just need to be sure that my email server use ipv6 to send emails -
There are a shitton of major players email that is not on ipv6.. And pretty much every isp consumer IPs are listed as such.. But sure you might be lucky there.. But no ptr is can be a killer..
Other than a toy/learning experience running mail servers off a home connection is pretty pointless.
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Apologies, didnt realise I would have to cover that, was purely providing a little background.
I have a VPS I relay through, that has correct rDNS, SPF, DKIM, DMARC all setup and working, including TLS 1.2
I've been running exchange for almost 10 years this way, have my own domain, they are secure and get A+, I do not suport any less than TLS 1.2 etc. I run Nessus (community edition) and OpenVAS against my network regularly.
Almost everything I do in my lab is to mimic work, its the first place I apply security patches and PCI fixes, if I break my lab no one gets hurt, if I take a business down, it's my problem and I get it in the neck, so I practise at home first (where possible)
Do apricate the additional feedback though..
P.S. while I dont generate crazy amounts of traffic, I am all for securing my system more effectively- those tools mentioned above will be looked at better when I have more dedicated time.
And just in case anyone asks, exchange is covered, as are all my Windows licenses under an MDSN subscription by work for the sole purpose of learning. :)
Side note, if I can do the same thing as work, but for free, I often take this option. Certificates = Let's Encrypt (currently I have a paid one), email filtering - also free, firewall (from home router to PfSense), VPN - OpenVPN.
I like free and opensource, so use it as a 'similar' to works paid enterprise products.
P.P.S (expect me asking for help), my next plan is to remove the IIS proxy and move my HTTPS traffic to either Squid or HA via PfSense to be my reverse proxy. If I can do it for free and consolidate, meaning I need to manage and maintain less, I'm all for it.
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FYI, work are moving to O365 in the near future, so my requirement to run and learn exchange may also go away, at which point I will likely start looking at putting email on my VPS server, using something else hosted at home that is free or just leaving it as is until it becomes EOL - I'm not at that stage yet though.
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yes of course
at home i'm using it only for toy/learning experience/test etc etc
sure not something to do for work where we have professional ip with rdns and stuff configured as it should
