IPSec/L2TP with pfSense 2.2

dstroot

Is there an easy way to config an opt interface as an external (i.e. remote) connection so I can test without having to drive to Starbucks? Since you can't test from inside the LAN this is a PITA to test.

jimp

No. It must be tested from something outside completely separate from the firewall. If you have a second IP address on one of your WANs and another firewall/router you could connect from that so long as it's not on any other segment but WAN.

Connecting from a cell phone over 3G/4G is typically the easiest way to test, most phones have an L2TP+IPsec client.

Amora

This works, however, it doesn't work using L2TP/IPsec + Dou Security 2Fa…

Something about the authentication mechanism that Ldap sends to the radius proxy.
You get error
Missing or improperly-formatted password

If you point it at a regular Radius server however, it works just fine.

One thing I found that has to be very specific is the IPsec PSK.
This Identifier has to be set specifically to "allusers" then the psk of your choosing. If you set the identifier to some random word it doesn't work.

Phoenix

Sp far I have no luck, but I got some clues:

The page in pfsense where you add the Pre-Shared keys says that the alluser account is named any/ANY - that's wrong. It is "allusers".

When creating the Phase 1 from the mobile users page it makes an agressive mode config - you can change that to main mode, but you can't change it back (you can select it, but it gets ignored) - never mind, as you want to use main mode…

On android, DO NOT USE AN IPSEC IDENTIFIER. Why capital? Because if you do it uses aggressive mode, if you leave it empty it uses main mode

On the shell you don't see any traffic on enc0. That's because the sysctl variables net.enc.in.ipsec_bpf_mask and net.enc.in.ipsec_bpf_mask might not be as desired... I could not figure, if they are wrong, but at least when changing them I see traffic on enc0 and getting pf to log the traffic on the right interface.

My problem is, I see L2TP requests on the enc0 interface, but no answers. the l2tp logging is also empty in this regard. I belive somehow the traffic does not make it from the interface to the daemon....

I also noted, that I have to unset the "Provide virtual ip address" - it is a transport mode ipsec... and it causes "no child SA" errors during the connection (and fails)

Any hints are welcome....

Phoenix

I try the same with android as client… the ciphers and hashes are different, but appart from that it is the same, see here: https://forum.pfsense.org/index.php?topic=83321.15

I belive I hit the exact same thing as this guy: http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-questions/2013-December/254770.html

Unfortunately he never got a reply on how to fix it...

themaninblack

I've been playing with this all day, and have it working with both Windows 7 and OS X (Yosemite) clients.

My settings are as follows:

IPSec is enabled ;)

PHASE 1 SETTINGS

Phase 1 proposal (Authentication):
Authentication method: Mutual PSK
Negotiation mode: Main
My Identifier: My IP address

Phase 1 proposal (Algorithms):
Encryption algorithm: 3DES
Hash algroithm: SHA1
Dh key group: 2 (1024 bit)
Lifetime: 28800 seconds

NOTE: there are other p1 algorithm combinations that will work, but this is the only combination that works for both win7 and OS X
for example: AES256, SHA1, and DH 14 (2048 bit) also work for windows 7, but not os x

Advanced options:
Disable rekey is off
Disable reauth is off
NAT Traversal is Auto (this should only matter if your VPN SERVER itself is behind another nat)
Dead Peer Detection is enabled (but both win 7 and OS X don't seem to support DPD0)

PHASE 2 SETTINGS

Phase 2 settings are all the defaults except MODE which should be transport so:

MODE: Transport (this one f'd me up for a while, I kept setting it to tunnel)
Protocol: ESP
Encryption algrithms:AES (auto), blowfish (auto), 3DES, CAST128 all checked, (these are the defaults for p2)
Hash algorithems: MD5, SHA1 both checked (again this is the default)
PFS key group: off
Lifetime: 3600 seconds

On the mobile clients tab:

Enable IPsec mobile client support is checked
Everything else on this tab is unchecked
User Authentication is set to "Local Database" (which isn't actually used because Xauth isn't on in P1)
Group Authentication is set to none

On the Pre-Shared Keys tabs:
Add a single PSK with the identifier "allusers", set this to something strong

Firewall NAT:

No special NAT rules added, outbound NAT is automatic

Firewall rules:

No special WAN rules added
No IPSec rules added
L2TP VPN, add a rule for the VPN traffic you want to allow. I have a "pass-everything" rule here. Note that if you add a rule, by default you get a pass all TCP rule, not a pass everything rule.

L2TP VPN setup: (These are my settings, tweak to meet your needs:)
L2TP server is Enabled
Interface: LAN
Remote address range: a range that is a subset of the LAN subnet, that starts on a /29 boundary. I picked 192.168.x.208
Subnet mask: /29
Number of l2tp users: 8
Secret: (blank)
Authentication type: CHAP
Server address: is the next ip outside the remote address range, 192.168.x.216 in my case.

The "secret" specified here is not the pre-shared key needed by the L2TP/IPSec clients. I'm not even sure this is used at all I don't see this value being passed on to the mpd config file in any way.

The subnet mask and number of users, seems redundant to me… L2TP is a PPP protocol so I'm not sure why there's a subnet mask at all. In my case I've picked /29 which corresponds to exactly 8 hosts matching my number of users, and made sure to start my range on a /29 boundary. The UI complains if put the server address in the remote address range / subnet mask. But the mpd.conf file that's generated only cares about the number of L2TP users, it doesn't seem to matter what you put in the subnet.

Cloudscout

I've spent the whole day digging into this as well and had reached essentially the same configuration options as you, however, I still can't connect.

The IPsec piece seems to be working alright but nothing ever appears in the L2TP logs and the connection fails with "Error 809".

els

I get the same error code. I tried a number of different configurations and would get different error codes such as "789". There are some inconsistencies in terms of how L2TP / IPSEC should be configured. Some have set interface to LAN for L2TP while others say they set it to WAN.

Hopefully there will be a recommended / working configuration shortly.

Maybe some more context on LAN configuration e.g. IP subnet and such so we get a better idea how to configure L2TP? One of the configurations I tried did spawn child SA entry on IPSEC status page however I see out being zero. I already set the rule for L2TP VPN to allow any to any. I suspect it may have to do with IP / subnet we set for L2TP.

dstroot

I have tried for several weeks off and on to get a stable working configuration for iOS devices to VPN back in using the built-in VPN client on iOS 8.1.2. At one point I could connect and browse LAN resources but never have I been able to pass traffic out to the Internet.

I would REALLY love it if someone could share a good, secure working config for iOS clients that passes all traffic, and allows access to local LAN resources as well as traffic out to the Internet.

Cheers!

Cloudscout

I decided to try connecting via OSX and the configuration themaninblack describes worked fine. No luck with Windows 7, Windows 8.1 or Windows Phone 8.1, though. I did some research that implies this might be caused by Windows having poor NAT-T tolerance for L2TP+IPsec connections.

Hopefully the necessary IKEv2 components get integrated sooner rather than later as that would be a better solution for Windows clients than L2TP+IPsec anyway.

thefink

@themaninblack:

I've been playing with this all day, and have it working with both Windows 7 and OS X (Yosemite) clients.

My settings are as follows:

IPSec is enabled ;)

PHASE 1 SETTINGS

Phase 1 proposal (Authentication):
Authentication method: Mutual PSK
Negotiation mode: Main
My Identifier: My IP address

~~Does this mean that you had to enter your external client's IP as the Phase 1 Peer IP? Or did you put your external WAN IP as this identifier?~~
~~I feel like this is a stupid question I just asked; but I am trying to figure out how PfSense can operate identically as to say a Cisco ASA or Windows server based VPN for Windows native clients. Having to enter in the IP of the connecting client is not feasible when dealing with external users; as they could be anywhere.

So with v2.2, how do I set it up so that I can have a client connect from anywhere using their native clients on their devices?~~

I received my answer to this. The identifier is the firewall's IP address.

AndrewZ

It seems I have IPSec part working but something is still wrong with L2TP part :(
The VPN client (iPad) gets the IP but cannot access resources on LAN.
Can someone share the working L2TP server config together with L2TP firewall rules?
I suspect something is wrong with LAN subnet, server address and VPN subnet combination.
Thanks!

EDIT
Some details about my setup:
local LAN 192.168.5.0/24
L2TP server interface is WAN as shown in https://doc.pfsense.org/index.php/L2TP/IPsec_on_Android
L2TP server ip 192.168.155.254
L2TP client subnet 192.168.155.0/24

in the log:

Jan 13 13:14:33 	l2tps: [l2tp0] no interface to proxy arp on for 192.168.155.0
Jan 13 13:14:33 	l2tps: [l2tp0] IFACE: Up event
Jan 13 13:14:33 	l2tps: 192.168.155.254 -> 192.168.155.0
Jan 13 13:14:33 	l2tps: [l2tp0] IPCP: LayerUp
Jan 13 13:14:33 	l2tps: [l2tp0] IPCP: state change Ack-Rcvd --> Opened
Jan 13 13:14:33 	l2tps: PRIDNS 192.168.5.1
Jan 13 13:14:33 	l2tps: IPADDR 192.168.155.0
Jan 13 13:14:33 	l2tps: [l2tp0] IPCP: SendConfigAck #3
Jan 13 13:14:33 	l2tps: PRIDNS 192.168.5.1
Jan 13 13:14:33 	l2tps: 192.168.155.0 is OK
Jan 13 13:14:33 	l2tps: IPADDR 192.168.155.0

eri--

You probably have wrongly setup your l2tp seeing that .0 ip assigned.

AndrewZ

Changed client subnet, similar result:

Jan 14 03:10:06 	l2tps: [l2tp0] no interface to proxy arp on for 192.168.155.16
Jan 14 03:10:06 	l2tps: [l2tp0] IFACE: Up event
Jan 14 03:10:06 	l2tps: 192.168.155.254 -> 192.168.155.16
Jan 14 03:10:06 	l2tps: [l2tp0] IPCP: LayerUp
Jan 14 03:10:06 	l2tps: [l2tp0] IPCP: state change Ack-Rcvd --> Opened

MikeV7896

Same (or similar) issue as Andrew…

I followed themaninblack's config (except for IPSec phase 1 proposal, adjusted for my device)... The connection is being made without any problems. After connecting, I can ping, both LAN hosts and external hosts, DNS works as well (since it's from my pfSense box), but anything else seems to get lost, even webconfig access. I created an "allow all" firewall rule for L2TP, but the logs still show things being blocked... is there another rule I need to add somewhere?

Could it be blocking all TCP? If I set the DNS client on my phone to force TCP, nothing is able to resolve anymore.

EDIT: I noticed in themaninblack's post that he mentions...

L2TP VPN, add a rule for the VPN traffic you want to allow. I have a "pass-everything" rule here. Note that if you add a rule, by default you get a pass all TCP rule, not a pass everything rule.

It seems like it's block all TCP, not pass all TCP. And it doesn't appear to be something I can remove as it doesn't show in the rules.

fw-l2tp0.PNG_thumb

eri--

Probably you have to enable MSS clamping on your tunnel.

MikeV7896

No change. TCP still being blocked, while UDP and ICMP go just fine.

AndrewZ

virgiliomi,
you're still more lucky than me :)
I do not even see l2tp in the firewall log. Could you please share your working config not hiding the private addresses you use.
Thanks!

MikeV7896

Basically, I followed themaninblack's config from earlier in this thread. The only changes I made are…

Phase 1 Algorithms:
Encryption: AES 256
Hash: SHA1
DH key group: 2 (1024 bit)

Phase 2 Proposal:
Encryption: Only AES checked, 256 bit selected
Hash: Only SHA1 checked

The IP Addresses I used in L2TP settings are a subset of my LAN subnet, just as mentioned by themaninblack. My LAN is 192.168.1.1/24, my L2TP is 192.168.1.208/29 and my server address is 192.168.1.216. If I use addresses outside of my LAN subnet (i.e. 192.168.51.208/29 and 192.168.51.216) then I get ping responses, but no TCP or UDP traffic (so no DNS).

jimp

Looks like the rules are somehow not matching as expected. Maybe inbound L2TP traffic is actually bypassing pf and not receiving a state?

If you add a Floating rule (quick=checked, dir=out, interface=l2tp, source=any, destination=any, TCP Flags=Any Flags, State Type=Sloppy State) it works.