@oliwel:
Thanks for your answers, @bryan.paradis: As I am new to pfSense and did not use dnsmasq before, can you please point me to some docs or give an example how to enable logging?
@johnpoz: Exactly this happens, here are the results made on my Ubuntu Workstation within 2 second - I got two failures and a result on the third try.
oliwel@platin ~ $ dig www.bus-profi.de @10.16.6.1
; <<>> DiG 9.9.2-P1 <<>> www.bus-profi.de @10.16.6.1
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 18937
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.bus-profi.de. IN A
;; Query time: 32 msec
;; SERVER: 10.16.6.1#53(10.16.6.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Feb 27 08:03:15 2014
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 34
oliwel@platin ~ $ dig www.bus-profi.de @10.16.6.1
; <<>> DiG 9.9.2-P1 <<>> www.bus-profi.de @10.16.6.1
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 23048
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.bus-profi.de. IN A
;; Query time: 31 msec
;; SERVER: 10.16.6.1#53(10.16.6.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Feb 27 08:08:12 2014
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 34
oliwel@platin ~ $ dig www.bus-profi.de @10.16.6.1
; <<>> DiG 9.9.2-P1 <<>> www.bus-profi.de @10.16.6.1
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 45941
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 512
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.bus-profi.de. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.bus-profi.de. 6902 IN CNAME bus-profi.de.
bus-profi.de. 6902 IN A 81.169.145.152
;; Query time: 28 msec
;; SERVER: 10.16.6.1#53(10.16.6.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Feb 27 08:08:13 2014
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 75
Upstream Servers on Pos 1 and 2 are those of my Upstream Provider and 3 and 4 are the google ones (8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4) using parallel query. I also dropped the provider servers and just used google but it didnt change anything. As said, the provider dns works flawlessly when used directly from the clients.
Oliver
Services -> DNS Forwarder -> Go down to Advanced and add log-queries -> Save
Status -> System Logs -> Resolver Log