Netgate Discussion Forum
    • Categories
    • Recent
    • Tags
    • Popular
    • Users
    • Search
    • Register
    • Login

    Topton N100 Reporting 402 MHz

    Scheduled Pinned Locked Moved Hardware
    161 Posts 17 Posters 49.3k Views 17 Watching
    Loading More Posts
    • Oldest to Newest
    • Newest to Oldest
    • Most Votes
    Reply
    • Reply as topic
    Log in to reply
    This topic has been deleted. Only users with topic management privileges can see it.
    • R Offline
      roxy @grety
      last edited by

      @grety ,
      the link to my Google Drive is still alive ;-)
      https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1k60AVx_5Yl_8JkP8lvAryoa0ALUSv0Gv

      G 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 1
      • G Offline
        grety @roxy
        last edited by

        @roxy Thanks for the link!
        However I get the same error another use had 1.nsh is not recognized, maybe we've got different hardware.

        M 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
        • M Offline
          McG800 @grety
          last edited by McG800

          @grety Do you have an NVME drive installed? I was getting this error as well, but once I removed the drive it worked like it should have.

          1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
          • C Offline
            chrcoluk
            last edited by

            Interesting, these topton n100's ship with a really crippled bios, can change hardly anything, they have also have a high default power limit as well. So it is tempting to flash.

            pfSense CE 2.8.1

            B 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
            • B Offline
              binhex01 @chrcoluk
              last edited by binhex01

              Super useful post, thanks for the details guys, i managed to get my cheap Chinese N100 BIOS flashed with 'Power & Performance' unlocked which then allowed me to set PL1 and PL2 and finally get some decent performance out of the box (was getting stuck at 402 Mhz on all cores like the OP).

              So I have written up exactly what i did including photos from 'thys' forum post over on servethehome.com and the modified BIOS with full instruction on how to flash it and bundled it up into a zip HERE.

              IMPORTANT - Please ensure you read the ENTIRE readme.txt (included in the zip) before considering flashing the BIOS.

              C L 2 Replies Last reply Reply Quote 3
              • A Offline
                alirx
                last edited by

                Greetings, guys!

                I have 6-port CWWK N100 box (CW-AL_6L), no PL settings in bios as well, although mine boost fine, but gets quite hot (around 50C doing basically nothing as it's not yet configured for things i want it to do, and that's after I changed thermal paste to smth decent). So I'd like to lower power limits (I belive they are set to 25W by default, but have no way to confirm it).

                I've managed to find and flash newer BIOS for this box on CWWK site, thinking that it would unlock it. But no.

                How exactly do you mod the bios for your 4 port version?

                Or should i even bother and better to look into SpeedShift tunables and try to adjust power consumption that way?

                T 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                • T Offline
                  Tzvia @alirx
                  last edited by

                  @alirx I have that CWWK 6 port box (the version with the tall heat-sync fins) running PFSense and yea it got hot because the settings are locked-down and not visible on the bios provided by CWWK. Not set optimally by default, that's for sure. There has been at least one 'third party' bios mod for this found on the Serve the Home Forums, (https://forums.servethehome.com/index.php?threads/cwwk-i5-1235u-6-port-i226-report.39341/) by user 'fta', you really have to read through the posts and be 100% positive that it is compatible with your board revision before making the attempt. I read through it, opened the case of my router, compared what i had to his and others there and decided to take the chance. Thankfully in my case it worked. With the settings exposed via the modded bios, I was able to apply the recommended settings from that long thread and mine now idles in the mid-upper 20s' c. I've got the 8505CPU btw. But 'out of the box' mine was disappointing, to say the least.

                  Tzvia

                  Current build:
                  Hunsn/CWWK Pentium Gold 8505, 6x i226v 'micro firewall'
                  16 gigs ram
                  500gig WD Blue nvme
                  Using modded BIOS (enabled CSTATES)
                  PFSense 2.72-RELEASE
                  Enabled Intel SpeedShift
                  Snort
                  PFBlockerNG
                  LAN and 5 VLANS

                  1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                  • C Offline
                    chrcoluk @binhex01
                    last edited by

                    @binhex01 Are you able to provide a link to the ISO? link for that is dead.

                    pfSense CE 2.8.1

                    B 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                    • B Offline
                      binhex01 @chrcoluk
                      last edited by

                      @chrcoluk said in Topton N100 Reporting 402 MHz:

                      @binhex01 Are you able to provide a link to the ISO? link for that is dead.

                      The google drive zip i uploaded works for me (tested incognito), not sure what you mean by ISO?. this is a BIOS hack.

                      C 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                      • C Offline
                        chrcoluk @binhex01
                        last edited by chrcoluk

                        @binhex01 The servethehome instructions say to use the bios you uploaded inside another ISO, that ISO is to be downloaded from another link (which is now dead), sorry I just checked the readme again and that doesnt use the ISO, so I will try that after I verify I have the right board.

                        pfSense CE 2.8.1

                        B 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                        • B Offline
                          binhex01 @chrcoluk
                          last edited by

                          @chrcoluk said in Topton N100 Reporting 402 MHz:

                          @binhex01 The servethehome instructions say to use the bios you uploaded inside another ISO, that ISO is to be downloaded from another link (which is now dead), sorry I just checked the readme again and that doesnt use the ISO, so I will try that after I verify I have the right board.

                          Yes, just to confirm the ISO was only used as a means to extract the utilities required to flash the bios (not the bios itself), this has been done for you and is all included in the zip, so you should be good to go (once verified you have the correct board).

                          S 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 2
                          • S Offline
                            sammyke007 @binhex01
                            last edited by

                            @binhex01 is your N100 still running stable with these settings? I've flashed the unlocked bios succesfully, but I haven't changed any settings. My N100 from Topton keeps freezing/rebooting every +- 24h...

                            B 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                            • B Offline
                              binhex01 @sammyke007
                              last edited by

                              @sammyke007 said in Topton N100 Reporting 402 MHz:

                              @binhex01 is your N100 still running stable with these settings? I've flashed the unlocked bios succesfully, but I haven't changed any settings. My N100 from Topton keeps freezing/rebooting every +- 24h...

                              Yep 100% solid, no crashes or hangs whatsoever, of note i am using OpnSense not pfSense.

                              S 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                              • S Offline
                                sammyke007 @binhex01
                                last edited by

                                @binhex01

                                Me too 😊
                                May I ask what RAM brand/type you are using?
                                I'm running with Crucial and memtest shows 0 errors on multiple runs, but the freezing and/or rebooting keeps happening daily.

                                B 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                                • B Offline
                                  binhex01 @sammyke007
                                  last edited by

                                  @sammyke007 said in Topton N100 Reporting 402 MHz:

                                  @binhex01

                                  Me too 😊
                                  May I ask what RAM brand/type you are using?
                                  I'm running with Crucial and memtest shows 0 errors on multiple runs, but the freezing and/or rebooting keeps happening daily.

                                  I went with a prebuilt box with RAM included, no idea what the brand or type it is, sorry, all i can tell you is i have 16GB.

                                  Edit - Looks like i can use 'dmidecode' to extract some of the info you want:-

                                  Memory Device
                                          Array Handle: 0x003B
                                          Error Information Handle: Not Provided
                                          Total Width: 64 bits
                                          Data Width: 64 bits
                                          Size: 16 GB
                                          Form Factor: SODIMM
                                          Set: None
                                          Locator: Controller0-ChannelA-DIMM0
                                          Bank Locator: BANK 0
                                          Type: DDR5
                                          Type Detail: Synchronous
                                          Speed: 4800 MT/s
                                          Manufacturer: Crucial Technology
                                          Serial Number: E8FE397C
                                          Asset Tag: 9876543210
                                          Part Number: CT16G48C40S5.C8A1   
                                          Rank: 1
                                          Configured Memory Speed: 4800 MT/s
                                          Minimum Voltage: 1.1 V
                                          Maximum Voltage: 1.1 V
                                          Configured Voltage: 1.1 V
                                          Memory Technology: DRAM
                                          Memory Operating Mode Capability: Volatile memory
                                          Firmware Version: Not Specified
                                          Module Manufacturer ID: Bank 6, Hex 0x9B
                                          Module Product ID: Unknown
                                          Memory Subsystem Controller Manufacturer ID: Unknown
                                          Memory Subsystem Controller Product ID: Unknown
                                          Non-Volatile Size: None
                                          Volatile Size: 16 GB
                                          Cache Size: None
                                          Logical Size: None
                                  
                                  S 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                                  • S Offline
                                    sammyke007 @binhex01
                                    last edited by

                                    @binhex01 tnx, that's exact the same as my RAM.

                                    Are these the only changes you've made in BIOS to make it run stable?

                                    - Go to Advanced/Power & Performance/CPU - Power Management Control/
                                    	set Platform PL1 Enable		[Enabled]
                                    	set Platform PL1 Power		9000
                                    	set Platform PL1 Time Windows	[28]
                                    	Set Platform PL2 Enable		[Enabled]
                                    	Set Platform PL2 Power		25000
                                    - Go to Advanced/Power & Performance/CPU - Power Management Control/HDC Control/View-Configure Turbo Options/
                                    	Power Limit 1 Override		[Enabled]
                                    	Power Limit 1			9000
                                    	Power Limit 1 Time Window	[28]
                                    	Power Limit 2 Override		[Enabled]
                                    	Power Limit 2			25000
                                    - Go to Save & Exit/Save Changes and Reset
                                    - Boot into OPNSense/pfSense
                                    - Disable Powerd (in OPNSense - go to System: Settings: Miscellaneous: Use PowerD (untick) and Save)
                                    
                                    B 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                                    • B Offline
                                      binhex01 @sammyke007
                                      last edited by

                                      @sammyke007 said in Topton N100 Reporting 402 MHz:

                                      @binhex01 tnx, that's exact the same as my RAM.

                                      Are these the only changes you've made in BIOS to make it run stable?

                                      - Go to Advanced/Power & Performance/CPU - Power Management Control/
                                      	set Platform PL1 Enable		[Enabled]
                                      	set Platform PL1 Power		9000
                                      	set Platform PL1 Time Windows	[28]
                                      	Set Platform PL2 Enable		[Enabled]
                                      	Set Platform PL2 Power		25000
                                      - Go to Advanced/Power & Performance/CPU - Power Management Control/HDC Control/View-Configure Turbo Options/
                                      	Power Limit 1 Override		[Enabled]
                                      	Power Limit 1			9000
                                      	Power Limit 1 Time Window	[28]
                                      	Power Limit 2 Override		[Enabled]
                                      	Power Limit 2			25000
                                      - Go to Save & Exit/Save Changes and Reset
                                      - Boot into OPNSense/pfSense
                                      - Disable Powerd (in OPNSense - go to System: Settings: Miscellaneous: Use PowerD (untick) and Save)
                                      

                                      From memory, that looks about right, yes, I did try and document what i tweaked exactly in the doc that i included in the zip, and i assume the above is taken from that, so that should be what i have set.

                                      B 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                                      • B Offline
                                        binhex01 @binhex01
                                        last edited by

                                        @sammyke007 Maybe you are seeing thermal issues, temporarily stick a fan upside down on the top of the unit and see what happens, if it cures it then reapply thermal paste and perhaps buy a fan and strap it to the top (what i did - didn't want thermal throttle).

                                        S 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                                        • S Offline
                                          sammyke007 @binhex01
                                          last edited by

                                          @binhex01 I already have a 120mm fan attached. Idles around +- 25° so that can't be a problem. I've PMed you with an offtopic question.

                                          1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                                          • stephenw10S stephenw10 referenced this topic on
                                          • L Offline
                                            Le_zOU
                                            last edited by

                                            @TheNarc said in Topton N100 Reporting 402 MHz:

                                            With the realization that I was very much taking my chances with one of these boxes, I haven't found much information on this particular problem and wonder whether anyone may have any insight. Basically, this is one of the Topton N100 boxes, and no matter what I've tried with SpeedShift ans SpeedStep settings, the dashboard never displays anything but the following:

                                            e87d58ea-d5d9-4c24-949a-66c153fa3a13-image.png

                                            I can't seem to move the needle off 402 MHz, which is absurd. I know from related threads that these values are reported by the BIOS, so I'm sort of expecting it's something there, but I'm not sure what would be so egregiously wrong as to cause this. The reported clock is so low that my mind of course went to thermal throttling, but the core temps seems to me reported accurately (or at least they change values instead of being fixed) and are hovering right around 38C.

                                            I also considered whether these reported values may just be bogus, but the results of running some openssl benchmarks suggest that they are not, as they came out about 5X slower than a machine I have with an older N5105.

                                            Of course I realize the hardware/BIOS may just be garbage and know it's a risky venture with them, any thoughts of things to try or look for would be much appreciated. Thank you!

                                            I've got the same issue, and CPU is maxing when I max my DL speed (1Gb/s)
                                            ce17ae77-d89a-402f-aea8-0515c7682185-image.png

                                            Would anyone have a symmary of what needs to be done to unlock the N100 potential ?

                                            # dmidecode 3.6
                                            # SMBIOS entry point at 0x75cc4000
                                            Found SMBIOS entry point in EFI, reading table from /dev/mem.
                                            SMBIOS 3.5 present.
                                            138 structures occupying 5640 bytes.
                                            Table at 0x75CC0000.
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 26 bytes
                                            BIOS Information
                                                    Vendor: American Megatrends International, LLC.
                                                    Version: 5.27
                                                    Release Date: 09/28/2023
                                                    Address: 0xF0000
                                                    Runtime Size: 64 kB
                                                    ROM Size: 16 MB
                                                    Characteristics:
                                                            PCI is supported
                                                            BIOS is upgradeable
                                                            BIOS shadowing is allowed
                                                            Boot from CD is supported
                                                            Selectable boot is supported
                                                            BIOS ROM is socketed
                                                            EDD is supported
                                                            Japanese floppy for NEC 9800 1.2 MB is supported (int 13h)
                                                            Japanese floppy for Toshiba 1.2 MB is supported (int 13h)
                                                            5.25"/360 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
                                                            5.25"/1.2 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
                                                            3.5"/720 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
                                                            3.5"/2.88 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
                                                            Print screen service is supported (int 5h)
                                                            Serial services are supported (int 14h)
                                                            Printer services are supported (int 17h)
                                                            CGA/mono video services are supported (int 10h)
                                                            ACPI is supported
                                                            USB legacy is supported
                                                            BIOS boot specification is supported
                                                            Targeted content distribution is supported
                                                            UEFI is supported
                                                    BIOS Revision: 5.27
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0001, DMI type 1, 27 bytes
                                            System Information
                                                    Manufacturer: Default string
                                                    Product Name: Default string
                                                    Version: Default string
                                                    Serial Number: Default string
                                                    UUID: 03000200-0400-0500-0006-000700080009
                                                    Wake-up Type: Power Switch
                                                    SKU Number: Default string
                                                    Family: Default string
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 15 bytes
                                            Base Board Information
                                                    Manufacturer: Default string
                                                    Product Name: Default string
                                                    Version: Default string
                                                    Serial Number: Default string
                                                    Asset Tag: Default string
                                                    Features:
                                                            Board is a hosting board
                                                            Board is replaceable
                                                    Location In Chassis: Default string
                                                    Chassis Handle: 0x0003
                                                    Type: Motherboard
                                                    Contained Object Handles: 0
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0003, DMI type 3, 22 bytes
                                            Chassis Information
                                                    Manufacturer: Default string
                                                    Type: Desktop
                                                    Lock: Not Present
                                                    Version: Default string
                                                    Serial Number: Default string
                                                    Asset Tag: Default string
                                                    Boot-up State: Safe
                                                    Power Supply State: Safe
                                                    Thermal State: Safe
                                                    Security Status: None
                                                    OEM Information: 0x00000000
                                                    Height: Unspecified
                                                    Number Of Power Cords: 1
                                                    Contained Elements: 0
                                                    SKU Number: Default string
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0004, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J1A1
                                                    Internal Connector Type: None
                                                    External Reference Designator: PS2Mouse
                                                    External Connector Type: PS/2
                                                    Port Type: Mouse Port
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0005, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J1A1
                                                    Internal Connector Type: None
                                                    External Reference Designator: Keyboard
                                                    External Connector Type: PS/2
                                                    Port Type: Keyboard Port
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0006, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J2A1
                                                    Internal Connector Type: None
                                                    External Reference Designator: TV Out
                                                    External Connector Type: Mini Centronics Type-14
                                                    Port Type: Other
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0007, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J2A2A
                                                    Internal Connector Type: None
                                                    External Reference Designator: COM A
                                                    External Connector Type: DB-9 male
                                                    Port Type: Serial Port 16550A Compatible
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0008, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J2A2B
                                                    Internal Connector Type: None
                                                    External Reference Designator: Video
                                                    External Connector Type: DB-15 female
                                                    Port Type: Video Port
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0009, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J3A1
                                                    Internal Connector Type: None
                                                    External Reference Designator: USB1
                                                    External Connector Type: Access Bus (USB)
                                                    Port Type: USB
                                            
                                            Handle 0x000A, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J3A1
                                                    Internal Connector Type: None
                                                    External Reference Designator: USB2
                                                    External Connector Type: Access Bus (USB)
                                                    Port Type: USB
                                            
                                            Handle 0x000B, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J3A1
                                                    Internal Connector Type: None
                                                    External Reference Designator: USB3
                                                    External Connector Type: Access Bus (USB)
                                                    Port Type: USB
                                            
                                            Handle 0x000C, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J9A1 - TPM HDR
                                                    Internal Connector Type: Other
                                                    External Reference Designator: Not Specified
                                                    External Connector Type: None
                                                    Port Type: Other
                                            
                                            Handle 0x000D, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J9C1 - PCIE DOCKING CONN
                                                    Internal Connector Type: Other
                                                    External Reference Designator: Not Specified
                                                    External Connector Type: None
                                                    Port Type: Other
                                            
                                            Handle 0x000E, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J2B3 - CPU FAN
                                                    Internal Connector Type: Other
                                                    External Reference Designator: Not Specified
                                                    External Connector Type: None
                                                    Port Type: Other
                                            
                                            Handle 0x000F, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J6C2 - EXT HDMI
                                                    Internal Connector Type: Other
                                                    External Reference Designator: Not Specified
                                                    External Connector Type: None
                                                    Port Type: Other
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0010, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J3C1 - GMCH FAN
                                                    Internal Connector Type: Other
                                                    External Reference Designator: Not Specified
                                                    External Connector Type: None
                                                    Port Type: Other
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0011, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J1D1 - ITP
                                                    Internal Connector Type: Other
                                                    External Reference Designator: Not Specified
                                                    External Connector Type: None
                                                    Port Type: Other
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0012, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J9E2 - MDC INTPSR
                                                    Internal Connector Type: Other
                                                    External Reference Designator: Not Specified
                                                    External Connector Type: None
                                                    Port Type: Other
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0013, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J9E4 - MDC INTPSR
                                                    Internal Connector Type: Other
                                                    External Reference Designator: Not Specified
                                                    External Connector Type: None
                                                    Port Type: Other
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0014, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J9E3 - LPC HOT DOCKING
                                                    Internal Connector Type: Other
                                                    External Reference Designator: Not Specified
                                                    External Connector Type: None
                                                    Port Type: Other
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0015, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J9E1 - SCAN MATRIX
                                                    Internal Connector Type: Other
                                                    External Reference Designator: Not Specified
                                                    External Connector Type: None
                                                    Port Type: Other
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0016, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J9G1 - LPC SIDE BAND
                                                    Internal Connector Type: Other
                                                    External Reference Designator: Not Specified
                                                    External Connector Type: None
                                                    Port Type: Other
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0017, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J8F1 - UNIFIED
                                                    Internal Connector Type: Other
                                                    External Reference Designator: Not Specified
                                                    External Connector Type: None
                                                    Port Type: Other
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0018, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J6F1 - LVDS
                                                    Internal Connector Type: Other
                                                    External Reference Designator: Not Specified
                                                    External Connector Type: None
                                                    Port Type: Other
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0019, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J2F1 - LAI FAN
                                                    Internal Connector Type: Other
                                                    External Reference Designator: Not Specified
                                                    External Connector Type: None
                                                    Port Type: Other
                                            
                                            Handle 0x001A, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J2G1 - GFX VID
                                                    Internal Connector Type: Other
                                                    External Reference Designator: Not Specified
                                                    External Connector Type: None
                                                    Port Type: Other
                                            
                                            Handle 0x001B, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
                                            Port Connector Information
                                                    Internal Reference Designator: J1G6 - AC JACK
                                                    Internal Connector Type: Other
                                                    External Reference Designator: Not Specified
                                                    External Connector Type: None
                                                    Port Type: Other
                                            
                                            Handle 0x001C, DMI type 9, 17 bytes
                                            System Slot Information
                                                    Designation: J6B2
                                                    Type: PCI Express
                                                    Data Bus Width: 16x or x16
                                                    Current Usage: In Use
                                                    Length: Long
                                                    ID: 0
                                                    Characteristics:
                                                            3.3 V is provided
                                                            Opening is shared
                                                            PME signal is supported
                                                    Bus Address: 0000:00:01.0
                                            
                                            Handle 0x001D, DMI type 9, 17 bytes
                                            System Slot Information
                                                    Designation: J6B1
                                                    Type: PCI Express
                                                    Data Bus Width: 1x or x1
                                                    Current Usage: In Use
                                                    Length: Short
                                                    ID: 1
                                                    Characteristics:
                                                            3.3 V is provided
                                                            Opening is shared
                                                            PME signal is supported
                                                    Bus Address: 0000:00:1c.3
                                            
                                            Handle 0x001E, DMI type 9, 17 bytes
                                            System Slot Information
                                                    Designation: J6D1
                                                    Type: PCI Express
                                                    Data Bus Width: 1x or x1
                                                    Current Usage: In Use
                                                    Length: Short
                                                    ID: 2
                                                    Characteristics:
                                                            3.3 V is provided
                                                            Opening is shared
                                                            PME signal is supported
                                                    Bus Address: 0000:00:1c.4
                                            
                                            Handle 0x001F, DMI type 9, 17 bytes
                                            System Slot Information
                                                    Designation: J7B1
                                                    Type: PCI Express
                                                    Data Bus Width: 1x or x1
                                                    Current Usage: In Use
                                                    Length: Short
                                                    ID: 3
                                                    Characteristics:
                                                            3.3 V is provided
                                                            Opening is shared
                                                            PME signal is supported
                                                    Bus Address: 0000:00:1c.5
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0020, DMI type 9, 17 bytes
                                            System Slot Information
                                                    Designation: J8B4
                                                    Type: PCI Express
                                                    Data Bus Width: 1x or x1
                                                    Current Usage: In Use
                                                    Length: Short
                                                    ID: 4
                                                    Characteristics:
                                                            3.3 V is provided
                                                            Opening is shared
                                                            PME signal is supported
                                                    Bus Address: 0000:00:1c.6
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0021, DMI type 10, 6 bytes
                                            On Board Device Information
                                                    Type: Video
                                                    Status: Enabled
                                                    Description:    To Be Filled By O.E.M.
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0022, DMI type 11, 5 bytes
                                            OEM Strings
                                                    String 1: Default string
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0023, DMI type 12, 5 bytes
                                            System Configuration Options
                                                    Option 1: Default string
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0024, DMI type 32, 20 bytes
                                            System Boot Information
                                                    Status: No errors detected
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0025, DMI type 34, 11 bytes
                                            Management Device
                                                    Description: LM78-1
                                                    Type: LM78
                                                    Address: 0x00000000
                                                    Address Type: I/O Port
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0026, DMI type 26, 22 bytes
                                            Voltage Probe
                                                    Description: LM78A
                                                    Location: Motherboard
                                                    Status: OK
                                                    Maximum Value: Unknown
                                                    Minimum Value: Unknown
                                                    Resolution: Unknown
                                                    Tolerance: Unknown
                                                    Accuracy: Unknown
                                                    OEM-specific Information: 0x00000000
                                                    Nominal Value: Unknown
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0027, DMI type 36, 16 bytes
                                            Management Device Threshold Data
                                                    Lower Non-critical Threshold: 1
                                                    Upper Non-critical Threshold: 2
                                                    Lower Critical Threshold: 3
                                                    Upper Critical Threshold: 4
                                                    Lower Non-recoverable Threshold: 5
                                                    Upper Non-recoverable Threshold: 6
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0028, DMI type 35, 11 bytes
                                            Management Device Component
                                                    Description: Default string
                                                    Management Device Handle: 0x0025
                                                    Component Handle: 0x0026
                                                    Threshold Handle: 0x0027
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0029, DMI type 28, 22 bytes
                                            Temperature Probe
                                                    Description: LM78A
                                                    Location: Motherboard
                                                    Status: OK
                                                    Maximum Value: Unknown
                                                    Minimum Value: Unknown
                                                    Resolution: Unknown
                                                    Tolerance: Unknown
                                                    Accuracy: Unknown
                                                    OEM-specific Information: 0x00000000
                                                    Nominal Value: Unknown
                                            
                                            Handle 0x002A, DMI type 36, 16 bytes
                                            Management Device Threshold Data
                                                    Lower Non-critical Threshold: 1
                                                    Upper Non-critical Threshold: 2
                                                    Lower Critical Threshold: 3
                                                    Upper Critical Threshold: 4
                                                    Lower Non-recoverable Threshold: 5
                                                    Upper Non-recoverable Threshold: 6
                                            
                                            Handle 0x002B, DMI type 35, 11 bytes
                                            Management Device Component
                                                    Description: Default string
                                                    Management Device Handle: 0x0025
                                                    Component Handle: 0x0029
                                                    Threshold Handle: 0x002A
                                            
                                            Handle 0x002C, DMI type 27, 15 bytes
                                            Cooling Device
                                                    Temperature Probe Handle: 0x0029
                                                    Type: Power Supply Fan
                                                    Status: OK
                                                    Cooling Unit Group: 1
                                                    OEM-specific Information: 0x00000000
                                                    Nominal Speed: Unknown Or Non-rotating
                                                    Description: Cooling Dev 1
                                            
                                            Handle 0x002D, DMI type 36, 16 bytes
                                            Management Device Threshold Data
                                                    Lower Non-critical Threshold: 1
                                                    Upper Non-critical Threshold: 2
                                                    Lower Critical Threshold: 3
                                                    Upper Critical Threshold: 4
                                                    Lower Non-recoverable Threshold: 5
                                                    Upper Non-recoverable Threshold: 6
                                            
                                            Handle 0x002E, DMI type 35, 11 bytes
                                            Management Device Component
                                                    Description: Default string
                                                    Management Device Handle: 0x0025
                                                    Component Handle: 0x002C
                                                    Threshold Handle: 0x002D
                                            
                                            Handle 0x002F, DMI type 27, 15 bytes
                                            Cooling Device
                                                    Temperature Probe Handle: 0x0029
                                                    Type: Power Supply Fan
                                                    Status: OK
                                                    Cooling Unit Group: 1
                                                    OEM-specific Information: 0x00000000
                                                    Nominal Speed: Unknown Or Non-rotating
                                                    Description: Not Specified
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0030, DMI type 36, 16 bytes
                                            Management Device Threshold Data
                                                    Lower Non-critical Threshold: 1
                                                    Upper Non-critical Threshold: 2
                                                    Lower Critical Threshold: 3
                                                    Upper Critical Threshold: 4
                                                    Lower Non-recoverable Threshold: 5
                                                    Upper Non-recoverable Threshold: 6
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0031, DMI type 35, 11 bytes
                                            Management Device Component
                                                    Description: Default string
                                                    Management Device Handle: 0x0025
                                                    Component Handle: 0x002F
                                                    Threshold Handle: 0x0030
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0032, DMI type 29, 22 bytes
                                            Electrical Current Probe
                                                    Description: ABC
                                                    Location: Motherboard
                                                    Status: OK
                                                    Maximum Value: Unknown
                                                    Minimum Value: Unknown
                                                    Resolution: Unknown
                                                    Tolerance: Unknown
                                                    Accuracy: Unknown
                                                    OEM-specific Information: 0x00000000
                                                    Nominal Value: Unknown
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0033, DMI type 36, 16 bytes
                                            Management Device Threshold Data
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0034, DMI type 35, 11 bytes
                                            Management Device Component
                                                    Description: Default string
                                                    Management Device Handle: 0x0025
                                                    Component Handle: 0x0032
                                                    Threshold Handle: 0x0033
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0035, DMI type 26, 22 bytes
                                            Voltage Probe
                                                    Description: LM78A
                                                    Location: Power Unit
                                                    Status: OK
                                                    Maximum Value: Unknown
                                                    Minimum Value: Unknown
                                                    Resolution: Unknown
                                                    Tolerance: Unknown
                                                    Accuracy: Unknown
                                                    OEM-specific Information: 0x00000000
                                                    Nominal Value: Unknown
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0036, DMI type 28, 22 bytes
                                            Temperature Probe
                                                    Description: LM78A
                                                    Location: Power Unit
                                                    Status: OK
                                                    Maximum Value: Unknown
                                                    Minimum Value: Unknown
                                                    Resolution: Unknown
                                                    Tolerance: Unknown
                                                    Accuracy: Unknown
                                                    OEM-specific Information: 0x00000000
                                                    Nominal Value: Unknown
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0037, DMI type 27, 15 bytes
                                            Cooling Device
                                                    Temperature Probe Handle: 0x0036
                                                    Type: Power Supply Fan
                                                    Status: OK
                                                    Cooling Unit Group: 1
                                                    OEM-specific Information: 0x00000000
                                                    Nominal Speed: Unknown Or Non-rotating
                                                    Description: Cooling Dev 1
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0038, DMI type 29, 22 bytes
                                            Electrical Current Probe
                                                    Description: ABC
                                                    Location: Power Unit
                                                    Status: OK
                                                    Maximum Value: Unknown
                                                    Minimum Value: Unknown
                                                    Resolution: Unknown
                                                    Tolerance: Unknown
                                                    Accuracy: Unknown
                                                    OEM-specific Information: 0x00000000
                                                    Nominal Value: Unknown
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0039, DMI type 39, 22 bytes
                                            System Power Supply
                                                    Power Unit Group: 1
                                                    Location: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
                                                    Name: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
                                                    Manufacturer: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
                                                    Serial Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
                                                    Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
                                                    Model Part Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
                                                    Revision: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
                                                    Max Power Capacity: Unknown
                                                    Status: Present, OK
                                                    Type: Switching
                                                    Input Voltage Range Switching: Auto-switch
                                                    Plugged: Yes
                                                    Hot Replaceable: No
                                                    Input Voltage Probe Handle: 0x0035
                                                    Cooling Device Handle: 0x0037
                                                    Input Current Probe Handle: 0x0038
                                            
                                            Handle 0x003A, DMI type 44, 9 bytes
                                            Unknown Type
                                                    Header and Data:
                                                            2C 09 3A 00 FF FF 01 01 00
                                            
                                            Handle 0x003B, DMI type 16, 23 bytes
                                            Physical Memory Array
                                                    Location: System Board Or Motherboard
                                                    Use: System Memory
                                                    Error Correction Type: None
                                                    Maximum Capacity: 64 GB
                                                    Error Information Handle: Not Provided
                                                    Number Of Devices: 2
                                            
                                            Handle 0x003C, DMI type 17, 92 bytes
                                            Memory Device
                                                    Array Handle: 0x003B
                                                    Error Information Handle: Not Provided
                                                    Total Width: 64 bits
                                                    Data Width: 64 bits
                                                    Size: 8 GB
                                                    Form Factor: SODIMM
                                                    Set: None
                                                    Locator: Controller0-ChannelA-DIMM0
                                                    Bank Locator: BANK 0
                                                    Type: DDR5
                                                    Type Detail: Synchronous
                                                    Speed: 4800 MT/s
                                                    Manufacturer: Samsung
                                                    Serial Number: 5286C4B3
                                                    Asset Tag: 9876543210
                                                    Part Number: M425R1GB4BB0-CQKOL
                                                    Rank: 1
                                                    Configured Memory Speed: 4800 MT/s
                                                    Minimum Voltage: 1.1 V
                                                    Maximum Voltage: 1.1 V
                                                    Configured Voltage: 1.1 V
                                                    Memory Technology: DRAM
                                                    Memory Operating Mode Capability: Volatile memory
                                                    Firmware Version: Not Specified
                                                    Module Manufacturer ID: Bank 1, Hex 0xCE
                                                    Module Product ID: Unknown
                                                    Memory Subsystem Controller Manufacturer ID: Unknown
                                                    Memory Subsystem Controller Product ID: Unknown
                                                    Non-Volatile Size: None
                                                    Volatile Size: 8 GB
                                                    Cache Size: None
                                                    Logical Size: None
                                            
                                            Handle 0x003D, DMI type 17, 92 bytes
                                            Memory Device
                                                    Array Handle: 0x003B
                                                    Error Information Handle: Not Provided
                                                    Total Width: Unknown
                                                    Data Width: Unknown
                                                    Size: No Module Installed
                                                    Form Factor: Unknown
                                                    Set: None
                                                    Locator: Controller1-ChannelA-DIMM0
                                                    Bank Locator: BANK 0
                                                    Type: Unknown
                                                    Type Detail: None
                                            
                                            Handle 0x003E, DMI type 19, 31 bytes
                                            Memory Array Mapped Address
                                                    Starting Address: 0x00000000000
                                                    Ending Address: 0x001FFFFFFFF
                                                    Range Size: 8 GB
                                                    Physical Array Handle: 0x003B
                                                    Partition Width: 1
                                            
                                            Handle 0x003F, DMI type 43, 31 bytes
                                            TPM Device
                                                    Vendor ID: INTC
                                                    Specification Version: 2.0
                                                    Firmware Revision: 600.18
                                                    Description: INTEL
                                                    Characteristics:
                                                            Family configurable via platform software support
                                                    OEM-specific Information: 0x00000000
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0040, DMI type 20, 35 bytes
                                            Memory Device Mapped Address
                                                    Starting Address: 0x00000000000
                                                    Ending Address: 0x001FFFFFFFF
                                                    Range Size: 8 GB
                                                    Physical Device Handle: 0x003C
                                                    Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x003E
                                                    Partition Row Position: Unknown
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0041, DMI type 221, 12 bytes
                                            OEM-specific Type
                                                    Header and Data:
                                                            DD 0C 41 00 01 01 00 04 00 00 00 00
                                                    Strings:
                                                            FSP Binary Version
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0042, DMI type 221, 26 bytes
                                            OEM-specific Type
                                                    Header and Data:
                                                            DD 1A 42 00 03 01 00 0C 00 89 30 00 02 00 00 00
                                                            00 0E 00 03 00 FF FF FF FF FF
                                                    Strings:
                                                            Reference Code - CPU
                                                            uCode Version
                                                            TXT ACM version
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0043, DMI type 221, 26 bytes
                                            OEM-specific Type
                                                    Header and Data:
                                                            DD 1A 43 00 03 01 00 0C 00 89 30 00 02 00 00 00
                                                            00 00 00 03 04 10 32 00 60 04
                                                    Strings:
                                                            Reference Code - ME
                                                            MEBx version
                                                            ME Firmware Version
                                                            Consumer SKU
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0044, DMI type 221, 47 bytes
                                            OEM-specific Type
                                                    Header and Data:
                                                            DD 2F 44 00 06 01 00 0C 00 89 30 00 02 03 FF FF
                                                            FF FF FF 04 00 FF FF FF 00 00 05 00 FF FF FF 00
                                                            00 06 00 FF FF FF FF FF 07 00 04 00 00 00 00
                                                    Strings:
                                                            Reference Code - PCH
                                                            PCH-CRID Status
                                                            Disabled
                                                            PCH-CRID Original Value
                                                            PCH-CRID New Value
                                                            OPROM - RST - RAID
                                                            PCH Hsio Version
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0045, DMI type 221, 82 bytes
                                            OEM-specific Type
                                                    Header and Data:
                                                            DD 52 45 00 0B 01 00 0C 00 89 30 00 02 00 00 00
                                                            04 49 00 03 00 0C 00 89 30 00 04 05 FF FF FF FF
                                                            FF 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 07 00 00 00 00 00 00 08
                                                            00 FF FF FF FF FF 09 00 23 00 08 00 00 0A 00 00
                                                            00 00 A7 0F 0B 00 00 00 00 00 00 0C 00 FF FF FF
                                                            FF FF
                                                    Strings:
                                                            Reference Code - SA - System Agent
                                                            Reference Code - MRC
                                                            SA - PCIe Version
                                                            SA-CRID Status
                                                            Disabled
                                                            SA-CRID Original Value
                                                            SA-CRID New Value
                                                            OPROM - VBIOS
                                                            IO Manageability Engine FW Version
                                                            PHY Build Version
                                                            Thunderbolt(TM) FW Version
                                                            System Agent Manageability Engine FW Version
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0046, DMI type 7, 27 bytes
                                            Cache Information
                                                    Socket Designation: L1 Cache
                                                    Configuration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 1
                                                    Operational Mode: Write Back
                                                    Location: Internal
                                                    Installed Size: 128 kB
                                                    Maximum Size: 128 kB
                                                    Supported SRAM Types:
                                                            Synchronous
                                                    Installed SRAM Type: Synchronous
                                                    Speed: Unknown
                                                    Error Correction Type: Parity
                                                    System Type: Data
                                                    Associativity: 8-way Set-associative
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0047, DMI type 7, 27 bytes
                                            Cache Information
                                                    Socket Designation: L1 Cache
                                                    Configuration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 1
                                                    Operational Mode: Write Back
                                                    Location: Internal
                                                    Installed Size: 256 kB
                                                    Maximum Size: 256 kB
                                                    Supported SRAM Types:
                                                            Synchronous
                                                    Installed SRAM Type: Synchronous
                                                    Speed: Unknown
                                                    Error Correction Type: Parity
                                                    System Type: Instruction
                                                    Associativity: 8-way Set-associative
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0048, DMI type 7, 27 bytes
                                            Cache Information
                                                    Socket Designation: L2 Cache
                                                    Configuration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 2
                                                    Operational Mode: Write Back
                                                    Location: Internal
                                                    Installed Size: 2 MB
                                                    Maximum Size: 2 MB
                                                    Supported SRAM Types:
                                                            Synchronous
                                                    Installed SRAM Type: Synchronous
                                                    Speed: Unknown
                                                    Error Correction Type: Single-bit ECC
                                                    System Type: Unified
                                                    Associativity: 16-way Set-associative
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0049, DMI type 7, 27 bytes
                                            Cache Information
                                                    Socket Designation: L3 Cache
                                                    Configuration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 3
                                                    Operational Mode: Write Back
                                                    Location: Internal
                                                    Installed Size: 6 MB
                                                    Maximum Size: 6 MB
                                                    Supported SRAM Types:
                                                            Synchronous
                                                    Installed SRAM Type: Synchronous
                                                    Speed: Unknown
                                                    Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC
                                                    System Type: Unified
                                                    Associativity: 12-way Set-associative
                                            
                                            Handle 0x004A, DMI type 4, 48 bytes
                                            Processor Information
                                                    Socket Designation: U3E1
                                                    Type: Central Processor
                                                    Family: Other
                                                    Manufacturer: Intel(R) Corporation
                                                    ID: E0 06 0B 00 FF FB EB BF
                                                    Version: Intel(R) N100
                                                    Voltage: 1.0 V
                                                    External Clock: 100 MHz
                                                    Max Speed: 3400 MHz
                                                    Current Speed: 2871 MHz
                                                    Status: Populated, Enabled
                                                    Upgrade: Other
                                                    L1 Cache Handle: 0x0047
                                                    L2 Cache Handle: 0x0048
                                                    L3 Cache Handle: 0x0049
                                                    Serial Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
                                                    Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
                                                    Part Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
                                                    Core Count: 4
                                                    Core Enabled: 4
                                                    Thread Count: 4
                                                    Characteristics:
                                                            64-bit capable
                                                            Multi-Core
                                                            Execute Protection
                                                            Enhanced Virtualization
                                                            Power/Performance Control
                                            
                                            Handle 0x004B, DMI type 131, 64 bytes
                                            OEM-specific Type
                                                    Header and Data:
                                                            83 40 4B 00 31 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
                                                            F8 00 81 54 00 00 00 00 21 20 00 00 32 00 10 00
                                                            60 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 FE 00 FF FF 00 00 00 00
                                                            00 00 00 00 22 00 00 00 76 50 72 6F 00 00 00 00
                                            
                                            Handle 0x004C, DMI type 41, 11 bytes
                                            Onboard Device
                                                    Reference Designation: Onboard - Other
                                                    Type: Other
                                                    Status: Enabled
                                                    Type Instance: 1
                                                    Bus Address: 0000:00:00.0
                                            
                                            Handle 0x004D, DMI type 41, 11 bytes
                                            Onboard Device
                                                    Reference Designation: Onboard - Video
                                                    Type: Video
                                                    Status: Enabled
                                                    Type Instance: 1
                                                    Bus Address: 0000:00:02.0
                                            
                                            Handle 0x004E, DMI type 41, 11 bytes
                                            Onboard Device
                                                    Reference Designation: Onboard - Other
                                                    Type: Other
                                                    Status: Enabled
                                                    Type Instance: 2
                                                    Bus Address: 0000:00:0d.0
                                            
                                            Handle 0x004F, DMI type 41, 11 bytes
                                            Onboard Device
                                                    Reference Designation: Onboard - Other
                                                    Type: Other
                                                    Status: Enabled
                                                    Type Instance: 3
                                                    Bus Address: 0000:00:14.0
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0050, DMI type 41, 11 bytes
                                            Onboard Device
                                                    Reference Designation: Onboard - Other
                                                    Type: Other
                                                    Status: Enabled
                                                    Type Instance: 4
                                                    Bus Address: 0000:00:14.2
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0051, DMI type 41, 11 bytes
                                            Onboard Device
                                                    Reference Designation: Onboard - Other
                                                    Type: Other
                                                    Status: Enabled
                                                    Type Instance: 5
                                                    Bus Address: 0000:00:16.0
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0052, DMI type 41, 11 bytes
                                            Onboard Device
                                                    Reference Designation: Onboard - SATA
                                                    Type: SATA Controller
                                                    Status: Enabled
                                                    Type Instance: 1
                                                    Bus Address: 0000:00:17.0
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0053, DMI type 41, 11 bytes
                                            Onboard Device
                                                    Reference Designation: Onboard - Other
                                                    Type: Other
                                                    Status: Enabled
                                                    Type Instance: 6
                                                    Bus Address: 0000:00:1f.0
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0054, DMI type 41, 11 bytes
                                            Onboard Device
                                                    Reference Designation: Onboard - Sound
                                                    Type: Sound
                                                    Status: Enabled
                                                    Type Instance: 1
                                                    Bus Address: 0000:00:1f.3
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0055, DMI type 41, 11 bytes
                                            Onboard Device
                                                    Reference Designation: Onboard - Other
                                                    Type: Other
                                                    Status: Enabled
                                                    Type Instance: 7
                                                    Bus Address: 0000:00:1f.4
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0056, DMI type 41, 11 bytes
                                            Onboard Device
                                                    Reference Designation: Onboard - Other
                                                    Type: Other
                                                    Status: Enabled
                                                    Type Instance: 8
                                                    Bus Address: 0000:00:1f.5
                                            
                                            Handle 0x0057, DMI type 221, 82 bytes
                                            OEM-specific Type
                                                    Header and Data:
                                                            DD 52 57 00 0B 01 00 FF FF FF FF FF 02 00 FF FF
                                                            FF FF FF 03 04 FF FF FF FF FF 05 06 FF FF FF FF
                                                            FF 07 08 FF FF FF FF FF 09 00 FF FF FF FF FF 0A
                                                            00 FF FF FF FF FF 0B 00 FF FF 00 00 00 0C 00 00
                                                            21 00 56 10 0D 00 FF FF FF FF FF 0E 00 00 07 00
                                                            00 00
                                                    Strings:
                                                            Lan Phy Version
                                                            Sensor Firmware Version
                                                            Debug Mode Status
                                                            Disabled
                                                            Performance Mode Status
                                                            Disabled
                                                            Debug Use USB(Disabled:Serial)
                                                            Disabled
                                                            ICC Overclocking Version
                                                            UNDI Version
                                                            EC FW Version
                                                            GOP Version
                                                            Royal Park Version
                                                            Platform Version
                                            
                                            
                                            
                                            T 1 Reply Last reply Reply Quote 0
                                            • First post
                                              Last post
                                            Copyright 2025 Rubicon Communications LLC (Netgate). All rights reserved.